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Modal Verbs




Modal Verb Present Indefinite Past Indefinite Future Indefinite Meaning
OBLIGATION must V He must do it.     Необхідність, обов’язок зробити щось.
– Must he do it?
– No, he mustn’t.
(No, he needn't).
have to V He has to do it. He had to do it. He'll have to do it. Необхідність, обов'язок, що виникає через обставини.
He doesn't have to do it. He didn't have to do it. He will not have to do it.
Does he have to do it? Did he have to do it? Will he have to do it?
be to V He is todo it. He was to do it. He will be to do it. Необхідність, обов'язок, що виникає через обставини.
He isn't todo it. He wasn't do it. He will not be to do it.
Is he to do it? Was he to do it? Will he be to do it?
should V He should do it.     Порада.
ABILITY can V He cando it. Hecould do it.   Можливість, вміння виконати дію.
He can'tdo it. Hecouldn'tdo it  
Canhe do it? Couldhe do it?  
  Could you give me a book?   Ввічлива форма прохання.
be able to V Heis able todo it. Hewas able todo it. Hewill be able todo it. Бути спроможним щось зробити.
  Heisn't able todo. He wasn't able to do it. Hewill not be able todo it.
  Is heable todo it? Was heable todo it? Willhebe able todo it?
PERMISSION may V Hemaydo it. He mightdo it.   Дозвіл, прохання виконати дію. Припущення.
  Hemay notdo it.    
  Mayhe do it?    
be allowed to V Heis allowed todo it. Hewas allowed to do it. Hewill be allowed todo it. Дозвіл виконати дію.
  Heisn't allowedto do it. Hewasn't allowed todo it. Hewill not be allowed todo it.
  Isheallowed to do it? Washeallowed todo it? Willhebe allowed todo it?

Таблиця неправильних дієслів

Infinitive Past Indefinite Past Participle Translation
Be was/were been бути
Bear bore borne переносити
Beat beat beaten бити
Become became become ставати
Begin began begun починати
Bite bit bitten кусати
Blow blew blown дути
Break broke broken ламати
Bring brought brought приносити
Build built built будувати
Burn burnt burnt горіти
Burst burst burst вибухати
Buy bought bought купувати
Catch caught caught ловити
Choose chose chosen вибирати
Come came come приходити
Cost cost cost коштувати
Cut cut cut різати
Deal dealt dealt роздавати
Dig dug dug копати
Do did done робити
Draw drew drawn малювати
dream dreamt dreamt мріяти
Drink drank drunk пити
Drive drove driven водити (машину/таксі)
Eat ate eaten їсти
Fall fell fallen падати
Feed fed fed годувати
Feel felt felt відчувати
Fight fought fought битися
Find found found знаходити
Fly flew flown літати
forget forgot forgotten забувати
forgive forgave forgiven пробачати
freeze froze frozen заморожувати
Get got got отримувати
Give gave given давати
Go went gone іти
Grow grew grown рости
Hang hung hung вішати
Have had had мати
Hear heard heard чути
Hide hid hidden ховати
Hit hit hit вдарити
Hold held held тримати
Hurt hurt hurt ранити
Keep kept kept зберігати
Know knew known знати
Lay laid laid класти
Lead led led вести за собою
Learn learnt learnt вивчати
Leave left left покидати
Lend lent lent позичати
Let let let дозволяти
Lie lay lain лежати
Light lit lit запалювати
Lose lost lost губити
Make made made робити
Mean meant meant означати
Meet met met зустрічати
Pay paid paid платити
Put put put класти
Read read read читати
Ride rode ridden кататися
Ring rang rung дзвонити
Rise rose risen підіймати
Run ran run бігти
Say said said говорити
See saw seen бачити
seek sought sought шукати
sell sold sold продавати
send sent sent відсилати
set set set садити
sew sewed sewn шити
shake shook shaken трясти
shine shone shone світити
shoot shot shot стріляти
show showed shown показувати
shut shut shut зачиняти
sing sang sung співати
sit sat sat сидіти
sleep slept slept спати
smell smelt smelt пахнути
speak spoke spoken розмовляти
spell spelt spelt промовляти по буквах
spend spent spent проводити
spill spilt spilt розливати
split split split розколювати
spoil spoilt spoilt псувати
spread spread spread розповсюджувати
spring sprang sprung підскакувати
stand stood stood стояти
steal stole stolen красти
stick stuck stuck приклеювати
sting stung stung жалити
strike stroke struck вдаряти
swear swore sworn присягатися
sweep swept swept підмітати
swim swam swum плавати
take took taken брати
teach taught taught викладати
tear tore torn рвати
tell told told говорити
think thought thought думати
throw threw thrown кидати
understand understood understood розуміти
wake woke woken будити
wear wore worn носити
win won won вигравати
write wrote written писати


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