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Exercise 4. Match the equivalents.
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| 1. жорсткий каркас 2. тонкостінна обшивка 3. шпангоут 4. переборка 5. тип конструкції 6. фюзеляжа з працюючею обшивкою 7. балочно-стрінгерний фюзеляж 8. розтяжка 9. ліхтар (кабіни екіпажу) 10. повздовжні елементи 11. поперечні елементи 12. герметична кабіна | a. pressurized cabin b. transversal members c. longitudinal members d. canopy e. bracing f. semimonocoque fuselage g. monocoque fuselage h. bulkhead i. former j. thin-walled skin k. rigid framework |
Exercise 5. Match the synonyms.
| Fuselage, cockpit, skin, bulkhead, pressurized, monocoque, luggage, rear fuselage, unpressurized fuselage, freight, compartment. | Former, single shell, non-airtight fuselage, cargo, flight deck, central body, aft fuselage, airtight, baggage, hold, covering. |
Exercise 6. Fill in this table using the words below.
Stringers, bulkheads, formers, metal formers, welded tubular steel, metal skin, single shell, hollow construction, structural strength, need for internal bracing, round structure, rigid framework, thin-walled skin, all-metal construction.
| Monocoque design | Semimonocoque design | Reinforced monocoque design |
Exercise 7. Make a brief written summary of monocoque, semunonocoque and reinforced designs.
Exercise 8. Explain the difference between the words.
Helicopter and airplane; former and stringer; missile and rocket; monocoque and semimonocoque; hatch and door; fighter and carrier; rudder and elevator; submarine and launcher.
Exercise 9. Make up one sentence with each of the following verb-combinations.
To have a streamlined shape, to reduce the drag, to vary in size, to be similar in design, to be of all-metal construction, to hold apart, to reinforce the skin, to provide structural strength, to use formers, to contain the cockpit.
Exercise 10. Use the correct form of the verb «to be».
1. What … the central body of the airplane? I …. going to answer this question. 2....the fuselages of all airplanes similar in general design, location and outline? I... sure they.... 3. What … divided into the front fuselage, central fuselage and rear fuselage? As far as the fuselage... concerned it…divided into 3 parts. 4. …there two main types of the fuselage? Yes, there.... 5. What... «monocoque»? It... a hollow construction. 6. …. this a streamlined shape? Yes, it.... 7. What. called the semimonocoque design? 8. The cabin windows, canopy, hatches and doors... the most vital parts of the pressurized cabin. 9.... these longitudinal members held apart by bulkheads and formers? Yes, they.... 10.... stringers riveted to the skin to reinforce it? 11.What... «single shell»?