II. Verbs followed by either gerund or infinitive without a change in meaning

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INFINITIVE AND GERUND

I. Verbs followed immediately by infinitive

Verbs	Examples
to afford	I can't afford to buy it.
to agree	They agreed to help us.
to appear	Sue appears to be tired.
to arrange	I'll arrange to meet you at the airport
to ask	He asked to come with us.
to attempt	Do not attempt to repair the computer yourself.
to beg	He begged to come with us.
to bother	He didn’t even bother to ask for permission.
to care	I don't care to see that show.
to choose	We chose to go by train.
to claim	She claims to know a famous movie star.
to consent	She finally consented to marry him.
to decide	I have decided to leave on Monday.
to demand	I demand to know who is responsible.
to deserve	She deserves to win the prize.
to endeavour (=to try)	I will endeavour to do my best for my country.
to expect	I expect to enter graduate school in the fall.
to fail	She failed to return the book to the library on time.
to guarantee	The bank guaranteed to pay all his debts.
to hesitate	Don't hesitate to ask for my help.
to hope	Jack hopes to arrive next week.
to lead to	This has led scientists to speculate on the existence of other galaxies.
to learn	He learned to play the piano.
to long for	I’m longing to see you again.
to manage	We managed to get to the airport in time.
to neglect	She neglected to mention the name of her previous employer.
to offer	They offered to help us.
to omit	She omitted to mention that they were staying the night.
to plan	I am planning to throw a party when I come back from my holiday.
to prepare	We prepared to welcome them.
to pretend	He pretends not to understand.
to promise	I promise not to be late.
to refuse	I refuse to believe his story.
to resolve	He resolved not to tell her the truth.
to seem	Your cat seems to be friendly.
to struggle	He struggled to stay awake.
to swear	She swore to tell the truth.
to threaten	She threatened to tell my parents about that.
to volunteer	He volunteered to help us.
to wait	I will wait to hear from you.
to want	I want to tell you something. What do you want to do tomorrow?
to wish	She wishes to come with us. This course is designed for people wishing to update their computer skills.

II. Verbs followed by either gerund or infinitive without a change in meaning

Verbs	Examples
can’t stand	Lily can't stand working in an office. She can't stand to hear them arguing.
to bear (can’t bear)	I can’t bear having /to have cats in the house.
to begin	Have you begun reading / to read the book yet?
to bother	He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming. Why bother asking if you’re not really interested?
to cease	You never cease to amaze me! The company ceased trading in June.
to continue	Will you continue attending / to attend these classes?
to encourage	Banks actively encourage people to borrow money. / Banks actively encourage people’s borrowing money.
to endure	He can’t endure to be / being defeated.
to finish	She finished reading /to read the book and put it away.
to intend	I intended to pay for all the damage done. We intend looking at the situation again.
to start	It started raining /to rain.

III. Verbs followed by a noun/pronoun + infinitive

Verbs	Examples
to advise smb to do smth	She advised me to wait until tomorrow.
to allow smb to do smth	She allowed me to use her car.
to ask smb to do smth	I asked John to help us.
to beg smb to do smth	They begged us to come.
to cause smb to do smth	Her laziness caused her to fail.
to challenge smb to do smth	She challenged me to race her to the corner.
to convince smb to do smth	I couldn't convince Ann to accept our help.
to dare smb to do smth	He dared me to do better than he had done.
to encourage smb to do smth	He encouraged me to try again.
to expect smb to do smth	I expect you to be on time.
to forbid smb to do smth	I forbid you to call him.
to force smb to do smth	They forced him to tell the truth.
to hire smb to do smth	She hired a boy to mow the lawn.
to instruct smb to do smth	He instructed them to be careful.
to invite smb to do smth	Harry invited the Johnsons to come to his party
to order smb to do smth	The judge ordered me to pay a fine.
to permit smb to do smth	He permitted the children w stay up late.
to persuade smb to do smth	I persuaded him to come for a visit.
to remind smb to do smth	She reminded me to lock the door.
to require smb to do smth	Our teacher requires us to be on time.
to teach smb to do smth	My brother taught me to swim.
to tell smb to do smth	The doctor told me to take these pills.
to urge smb to do smth	I urged her to apply for the job.
to want smb to do smth	I want you to be happy.
to warn smb to do smth	I warned you not to drive too fast.

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