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Main concepts. Ohm's law(simple circuits):
Ohm's law (simple circuits): a) for homogeneous subcircuit:
where I – a current through the subcircuit; U – voltage on the subcircuit connection terminal; R – the resistance of the subcircuit; Voltage on homogeneous subcircuit: U = IR. b) for subcircuit containing EMF source:
where Dj2, 1 = j2–j1 = U – potential difference (or voltage) on subcircuit connection terminal, e – value of Electro Motive Force (EMF) of source, which contains in the subcircuit; r – internal source resistance; Voltage on branch of circuit containing EMF source: U = e – IR–Ir. c) For the closed circuit (when it is possible to reduce to one equivalent source and one resistor):
where R – external resistance of circuit, r – internal resistance of source.
Kirchoff’s rules (branched circuits): For a branched circuits solution use the two Kirchoff’s rules (see example 3): 1st – junction rule: where 2nd – closed loop rule:
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