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Index

Acetocarmine 173, 175

Activated charcoal 179

Adventitious apomixis 143

Aegle 74

Aeglopsis 74

Affi nity Relationship 34

AFLP 270, 278, 279, 280-281

Afraegle 75

Agrobacterium tumefaciens 3, 5, 141, 331,

332, 333, 335-338, 342-343

co-cultivation 329, 331-333, 335,

Agrobacterium rhizogenes 332, 342

Allotetraploid 205, 207

Androclonal variation 189

Aneuploids 151, 227

Anther culture 172-173

APETALA1 340-341, 343

Apomixis 74, 141, 143, 145, 329

Arabidopsis 287, 290, 340-341, 342

Asexual reproduction 141 Asymmetric nuclear hybridization 243

Somatic hybridization 235, 262

Atalantia 68-69

Aurantioideae 27-28, 31, 33, 47-49

genera 49-81

taxonomy 47-51, 60-81

charactersitics 50-61

Autotetraploid 205

Bacterial artifi cial chromosome (BAC) 290

Balsamocitrus 75

Breeding Objectives 4

Benzylaminopurine (BAP) 333-334

Binomial 30, 31, 39

Biotechnology 342-343

Brix/acrid ratio 220-223 Bulked segregant analysis 281 Burkillanthus 70

C-banding 157, 159, 164-165

Cambium 336

Candidate gene 279

CAPS 240, 251, 278-281

Carbon source 174, 177

Cell suspension 331

Centre of Origin 19, 50-51

Certifi cation programs 110-113, 358-359

Chimera 346-350, 362-363

Chloroplast 240-241

Chromomycine A3 155, 158-159

Chromosomes 237, 265, 275-278

fi xation 153

maceration 152, 154

pre-treatment 153

staining 152, 154, 157-160 transfer in mamals 262 transfer in plants 263

Chromosome elimination 239, 262, 265 Mediated gene transfer 262

Citric acid 282 Citrus

genetic resource management 85-109 genetic resource utilization 109-113 genetic resources 81-85

genetic resources, Asia 84 genetic resources, Australia 84 genetic resources, China 83 genetic resources, India 83-84 Genus 30-36, 49-51, 60-62

origin and history 19-20 phylogenetic relationships 34-39

Citron 21-24, 60-61

Citropsis 69

Citrus aurantifolia (Mexican lime) origin and history 27

genetic origin 40

Citrus aurantium (sour orange) genetic origin 39

origin and history 25

Citrus clementina, genetic origin 41

Citrus depressa 160

Citrus halimii, 34

Citrus grandis (pummelo), origin and history 26

Citrus limettioides (sweet lime) origin and history 27 genetic origin 40

Citrus limon (lemon)

origin and history 24-25 genetic origin 40

Citrus macrophylla, genetic origin 40

Citrus medica (citron), origin and history 21-24, 160

Citrus paradisi (grapefruit) 157, 160 origin and history 27

genetic origin 39

Citrus reticulata (mandarin) 160 origin and history 26

Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) 155, 157-

158, 160, 162

origin and history 25 genetic origin 39

Citrus volkameriana (Volkamer lemon) genetic origin 40

Clausena 78-79

Cleaved Amplifi ed Polymorphic Sequence 240, 253

CMA 158-160

Cloning 287-302, 309, 331

Clymenia 64-65

Coat protein 331-332, 339-340, 342

Columbus 19, 25

Conservation 45

cpDNA 35-39

Cross-incompatibility 329-330

CTV 307, 314-320, 322

Culture medium 177

Cybridization 244-245

Cytoplasmic genome 240-241

DAPI 154-159, 163, 165

Disease resistance 287, 289, 295

nematode resistance 289

Disomic 205

Documentation 107

Domains 288

Dose 348

DPI 13

Dwarfi ng 281

Electrofusion 250

ELISA 290, 320

Embryo rescue 210, 331

Embryo sac 141, 142

Embryogenesis 220, 227, 230-231

Endosperm 209

Environmental impact 341

Epicotyl segment 332-333

Epigenetic 345

Eremocitrus 64

Escapes 332, 337

EST (expressed sequence tag) 302

Ex situ 46, 87

Exposure 348-349

Feroniella 75-76

Field trials 10, 17

Fingerprinting 147, 155

FISH 152, 155-157, 162, 164

Flow cytometry 186, 211, 253

karyotyping 161

Fortunella 62-63

Foreign gene 341, 343

Fragmented chromosomes 243

Gametosomatic hybridization 189, 242

Gamma rays 348

Gel 278-280

Genetic engineering 321, 334, 346

Genetic transformation 329, 331, 333, 335,

336, 338-339, 341-344

Genetic variation 10

Genomic in Situ Hybridization 237 Genomics 287, 302

Genome size 161, 164 Genome transfer

mammals 2262

plants 263

gfp (Green fl uorescent protein gene) 332, 336-337

Germplasm 7, 45

acquisition 87-91

characterization 104-108

collection 100-102

conservation 85-109

documentation 108-109

evaluation 104-108

introduction 91-99

maintenance 99-104

preservation 102-104

utilization 109-113

GISH 154, 157, 162, 237, 270

Global Citrus Germplasm Network 85 Glycosmis 76-77

Green Revolution 1

Grafting 5, 319, 353, 357

STG (shoot-tip grafting) 354 Grapefruit 24, 61

Gynogenesis 170

Haemacytometer 267

Halotolerance 339

Hamlin somaclones 224, 225

Haploid 209

doubled haploids 167, 169, 188

Haploidy 167

Hardening 184

Heritability 283, 289

Hesperidium 48

Hesperethusa 69

Heterochromatin 157-160, 163-165

Hybrid identifi cation 142, 144, 146-148

improvement protocol 10

in situ 46, 83, 87

Hybridization 154-157, 159, 162-163, 165,

251, 247

in vitro 142

pollination 170

grafting 185

Incompatibility 261 Inheritance

Nucellar embryony 81, 94, 141

Internodal stem segment 331-333, 335-

336, 340

Irradiation 348, 350

ISC 6

Isolated microspore culture 173 Isozyme analyses 144, 147, 186

ISR (induced systemic resistance) 309-310 ISSR 147, 278-281

Italian citrology 30

Juvenile 329-330, 334-336, 340-342

Juvenility 219, 221, 288

Kanamycin 333, 337

Karyotype 152-161

Kinnow 2

Kumquat 62-63

Layer substitution 346, 350

LEAFY 340-341, 343

Lemon 25, 61-62

Liberobacter asiaticum 330

Lime 19, 62

Limonia 75

Limnocitrus 70

Linkage disequilibrium 282

Linkage 275-277

map 291

Linneaus 31

LOD score 277, 294

LRR (leucine-rich repeat) 308, 310

Luvunga 71

Male gametophytic selection 189 Mandarins 13, 61

Mapping 275-277

map based cloning 289 map construction 277

Markers 275-278, 281

Marker 143, 145-148

marker gene 329, 331-333, 336- 337

Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) 11, 275,

282-284

Marker types 278

Material transfer agreement (MTA) 13, 15 Mature plant material 334

Maturity

early 224

late 223-224

Meiosis 204

Mendel 53, 291

Mericlinal chimera 346

Merope 73

Merrillia 80-81

Methylation 345

Microcell hybrids 263

Microprotoplast 244, 261

Microsatellites 187

Micronuclei 263-266

Micronucleated cells 263, 265

Mitochondria 240-241

Microcitrus 63-64

Micromelum 76

MMCT 244, 269-270

Molecular Genetics Protocol 15 Molecular Phylogeny 49

Monanthocitrus 73

Monoembryonic 143, 145

‘Mor’ mandarin 350

Murraya 79-80

Mutation 220, 345

breeding 346

Mutagens 347-349

Mutagenesis 200

Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 333 NBS (nucleotide-binding site) 307 nptII (neomycin phosphotransferase II

gene) 331, 333, 337

NPR 309-321

Nucellar 219-221, 226

Nucellar embryo 145

Nucellar embryony 81, 194, 282-283 Nucellar initial cells 142

Nucellar tissue 347

Nucellus 141-142

Objectives 4

Off-type seedlings 146

Orange 19, 22

sour orange 246

sweet orange 219

Organogenesis 220, 225, 229

Origin 19

Osbeck 25-26, 39

Oxanthera 73

Pamburus 72

Papeda, origin and history 27, 50, 62

Paramignya 71

Parthenocarpy 198

Parthenogenesis 170

Particle bombardment 331, 343-344

Pathogen-derived resistance 339-340,

PCR 278-281, 334

Percoll gradient 267

Periclinal chimera 346, 349

Phase 276, 278, 282, 284

Phytophthora 329-330, 339, 342

Plant growth regulators 178 Plating effi ciency 264

Pleiospermium 69-70

Ploidy 197, 201

Ploidy of androgenetic plants 185 Pollen dispersal 339

embryogenesis 174

Polyembryony 141, 144-146, 283

Polyethylene glycol 331-332

PEG 249, 270

Poncirus 55, 65-68

PR (pathogenesis related) 308 Primers 240, 279

degenerate primers 298

Progeny test 283

Promoter 341

Protocol 247

CAPS 251

electrofusion 250

In situ hybridization 251 MMCT 268

molecular genetic 15

organogenesis 229

PEG induced fusion 248 rootstock 13

scion 11, 142

somatic embryogenesis 231

Protoplasts 220, 248, 331-332, 342-344,

Protoplast fusion 173, 189, 191, 205, 209,

226, 235, 261

Proximal band 158

Pseudotestcross 277

Pummelo 26, 61

QTL 145, 281

Quarantine procedures 93-94, 360

Radiation 348-349

RAPD 230, 278-281, 291

RAR 309-310

Recombination 206, 208-210, 262, 275-

277, 279, 284

Recovery of pathogen-free plants 359 Regeneration 331-338, 341-344 Regeneration of somatic hybrids 362

Regeneration of haploid plants 363 Regeneration tetraploid plants 363 Regeneration of transgenic plants 364 Reporter gene 336, 337, 343

Resistance 307-322

RNAi 312

siRNA 312-313

RNA interference 142

RNA silencing 313

silencing 312-316, 320

RAPD analyses 187

RFLP 278-281

RGCs (Resistance gene candidates) 289-301 Rogueing 146

Rootstock 141-148, 329-335, 339-341

Rootstock improvement 246

Rutaceae 27

Salinity 282, 329, 334, 339, 342

Sanitation programs 96, 359

SAR (systemic acquired resistance) 308- 310, 321-322

SCAR 291

Scion 141-142, 147-148

Scion improvement 246

Screening 10, 146, 347, 349

Sectoral chimera 346, 350

Seediness 345

Seedlessness 197, 245, 346, 348-349

Segregation 206, 208-210, 275-277, 279

Selection 275, 280, 283

Self-incompatibility 200, 329-330

Semi-hardened stage 336

Sequencing 289

Severinia 70-71

Shaddock 19, 27

Soluble solids 221, 223, 225, 231

Somaclonal variation 219, 338

somaclones 220-231

Somatic hybridization 235, 239, 261, 331,

Shoot-tip grafting 354

SNP 278, 280

SSR 278-281

Stage of pollen development 175 ‘Star Ruby’ grapefruit 350 Sterility 198

STMS 278

STR 278

STS 278

Synaptonemal complex 156, 165

Synteny 279

SSR 147

Swingle, W.T. 27, 49-50, 60

Swinglea 73-74

Tanaka, T. 49-50

Tanaka Line 20, 29, 50-51

Taxonomy 27-39, 48-82 Taxonomy systems

Barrett and Rhodes 34 Blanco 30

Burmann 30

De Candolle 30

De Loureiro 30

Engler 31

Ferrarius 28-29

Gallesio 31

Linneus 30

Risso 31

Swingle 31-33

Tanaka 31-33

Volkamer 30

T-DNA 333, 338

Telomere arrays 155

Telomeric band 158, 160

Tetraploidy 338

Tetraploids 151, 162, 164, 165, 202, 227

Tetrasomic 205

Tetrazygs 247

Theophrastus 22-23

Thermotherapy 353

Thorniness 336

Thornless 336

Transformation 17, 190, 307, 311, 315-316 competence for transformation 334

Transgenic plant 290, 329, 331-332, 334-

341, 343-344

release of transgenic citrus 335, 337-

Transposable elements 301, 348-349

Trifoliate “orange” 65-68

Trigeneric hybrid 64, 158

Trihybrids 40

Triphasia 72

Triploids 151-152, 161-165, 188, 201

Triploidy (seedlessness) 331, 343

Tristeza 282, 288, 290

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) 329-332, 339-340, 342, 344

Twinning 144-145

UidA (b-glucuronidase gene) 333, 336-337

Valencia clones 221-223

Variation 94, 104, 142-143, 145, 156, 158,

168-169, 176, 199, 204-205, 219,

241, 246, 279-280, 287, 338, 346,

364-365

Wenzelia 72-73

X-rays 348

Xylella fastidiosa 330

Zygotic 142