A list of some less familiar terms
Asyndetic sentence: a sentence whose clauses are not connected either by a conjunction or by any other connective (compare Syndetic sentence)
Complex sentence: a sentence containing one or more subordinate clauses
Composite sentence: a sentence consisting of more than one clause, whether compound or complex
Compound sentence: a sentence consisting of two or more co-ordinated clauses
Correlation: a name suggested for the grammatical category which finds its expression in the difference between non-perfect and perfect forms, e. g. took / had taken
Functional sentence perspective: division of a sentence into its theme (the starting point) and rheme (the new information supplied)
Junction: a connection of two words or phrases without any predicative relation between them, as in a new house, a barking dog
Nexus: any connection of two words or phrases with a predicative relation between them, as in he spoke; I heard him speak
Opposition: any relation between two grammatical forms differing in meaning and in external signs, e. g. street / streets; take / took
Rheme: that element of a sentence which contains the new information; opposed to theme (see also Functional sentence perspective)
Stative: a part of speech expressing the state a subject is in, and characterised by the prefix a-, e. g. asleep, ablaze, astir
Syndetic sentence: a composite sentence whose clauses are connected either by a conjunction or by some other connective (mainly a relative pronoun or relative adverb)
Theme: that element of a sentence which contains the starting point, as opposed to rheme (see also Functional sentence perspective)
SUBJECT INDEX
ABLAUT 357
ABSOLUTE CONSTRUCTION 260263
ADJECTIVE 23, 26, 29, 58-65
adjectivisation of nouns 6465
degrees of comparison 5861
prepositions and adjectives 150 151
special meaning of the superlative 6263
substantivisation 6364 ADVERB 25, 3132, 146-148
~ and proposition 153
~ or particle 162163 ADVERBIAL CLAUSES 286302
~ of concession 297298
~ of manner and comparison
298-301
~ of place 287288 ~ of purpose 296297 ~ of result 295296 ~ of time 288292 causal ~ 292293 conditional ~ 293294 other types 301302
ADVERBIAL MODIFIER 211216, 225
230, 243246
loose ~ 236237 AGREEMENT 175176 ALTERNATION 18, 25
APPOSITION 231, 237 loose ~ 237, 307
APPOSITIONAL CLAUSES 303304 ARTICLE 4957
absence of the ~ 5557
definite ~ 5253
definite ~ with the superlative
61-62 difference between the definite
and the indefinite ~ 5455 indefinite ~ 5354 number and meaning 5051
ASPECT 7685
common ~ 80, 8485
continuous ~ 7685 ASYNDETIC COMPOSITE SENTENCES
331-335
different types of mixed sentences 326327 ATTRIBUTE 2831, 72, 73, 213216,
221-224
loose ~ 235236 ATTRIBUTIVE CLAUSES 284285, 307,
313, 320-321 AUXILIARY VERBS 25, 35 CASE 24, 28-29, 41-47, 66-69,
355-356
~ in pronouns 6669
common ~ 42
genitive ~ 24, 4248
objective ~ 6669 CLAUSE 270274
~ of alternative agreement 301
~ of consequence 295
~ of exception 302
~ of manner and comparison 298-301
~ of proportionate agreement 301
adverbial ~ 286302
appositional ~ 303304
contact ~ 320
declarative ~ 365366
object ~ 279284
parenthetical ~ 304305
predicative ~ 276277
relative ~ 271, 273274
subject ~ 275276
that- ~ 308310 COLLECTIVE NOUNS 3941 COMPLEX SENTENCE 269274, 319 COMPOSITE SENTENCE 264265
syndetic ~ 264265 COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES 317 COMPOUND NOMINAL PREDICATE
207210
COMPOUND SENTENCES 265268 COMPOUND VERBAL PREDICATE 204
207 CONJUNCTION 3233, 34, 156159
prepositions and conjunctions 157-159
phrases equivalent to prepositions and conjunctions 179 181
types of conjunctions 316
CONJUNCTIONAL PHRASES 178181
CONTINUOUS ASPECT: see Aspect
CO-ORDINATED AND SUBORDINATED CLAUSES 316
CORRELATION 9394
DECLARATIVE CLAUSES 265266
DERIVATION OF WORD FORMS (TYPES OF) 2426 analytical types 2528 suppletive formations 26 synthetic types 2425
DIRECT ADDRESS 231-232, 247
ELLIPTICAL SENTENCES 252253
ENDINGS 2325
FORM 27
FORMAL WORDS 3435
FUNCTION 28
Subject Index
FUNCTIONAL SENTENCE PERSPECTIVE 191 197
GERUND 130132, 135136 GOVERNMENT 176 GRAMMAR AND STYLE 354359 GRAMMATICAL STATEMENTS 910 HIGHER SYNTACTICAL UNITS 346348 HOMOGENEOUS CLAUSES 314 HOMONYMOUS FORMS 137143
INDIRECT SPEECH 282, 334336 INFINITIVE 130132
~ as adverbial modifier 227 229
~ sentences 251252
INFLECTION 2324
INFORMS 25, 31, 130132, 135136
INSERTED CLAUSES 325327 INSERTIONS 233235 INTERJECTION 3334, 166167 INTERROGATIVE FORMS 126127
JUNCTION 260
LOOSE PARTS 235-236
MEANING 2728
MODAL WORDS 33, 164165
MOOD 99-113
imperative ~ 101 102
indicative ~ 99101
~ and tense 110113 MORPHEME 2123, 49 MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSES OF VERBS:
see VERB MORPHOLOGY 1113, 2126, 355358
NEGATIVE FORMS 125126 NEXUS 260
NOTIONAL WORDS 3435 NOUN 28, 3648, 355356
adjectivisation 6465
case 4147
collective nouns 3940
nouns of multitude 3940
number 3641 NOUN CLAUSES 271
NUMBER 24, 36-41, 47-48, 123-
~ in nouns 28, 3641, 4748
~ in pronouns 6970
~ in verbs 123125
NUMERAL 30, 7273
OBJECT 28-30, 31, 211-213, 217- 221 257 259
OBJECT CLAUSES 279-284, 307-308 prepositional ~ 282283
OBJECTIVE PREDICATIVE: See PREDICATIVE
ONE-MEMBER SENTENCES 250251
infinitive sentences 251252 OPPOSITION
ORDER OF SENTENCE PARTS: see WORD ORDER
PARALLELISM OF SYNTACTIC FUNCTIONS 310312
PARENTHESES 233235 loose ~ 237
PARENTHETICAL CLAUSES 304305,
PARTICIPLE 24
~ or gerund 135136
continuous ~ 131
second ~ 132135 PARTICIPLE SENTENCES 202204 PARTICLES 3233, 160163, 247249 PARTS OF A SENTENCE 187190,
198247
main parts 198210
predicate 198210
secondary parts 211230
subject 198200
PARTS OF SPEECH 2735 PERFECT 9098 PERSON 123-125 PHRASES 171181
~ equivalent to prepositions and
conjunctions 179181 agreement 175176 government 176
PLURALIA TANTUM 3739
PREDICATE 198-210, 229-230, 238
types 200202 PREDICATIVE 28-30, 66-67, 73, 260
objective ~ 74, 260
PREDICATIVE PHRASES 172173 PREFIXES 1619
PREPOSITION 31-32, 35, 149-155, 157159
phrases equivalent to prepositions and conjunctions 179-181 prepositions and conjunctions
3132, 157159 PRONOUN 26, 29-30, 66-72 case 6669 classification 66 limits of the pronoun class 71
number 6970 types 7071 PUNCTUATION 336345
RHEME 192-197, 202, 240, 243-246, 252-253, 282, 316
Subject Index
REPRESENTATION 351352 REPRESENTED SPEECH 334335
SECONDARY PREDICATION 257263 SENTENCE 182190
~ and clause 188190
~ with a dependent appendix
255257 ~ with homogeneous parts
254-255 ~ with secondary predication
257_ 260
classification 183188 elliptical ~ 190, 252253 imperative ~ 185187 infinitive ~ 251252 negative ~ 188189 one-member ~ 250251 participle ~ 202204 parts of a ~ 189190, 198247 simple ~ 188189 types of simple ~ 189190 SEQUENCE OF TENSES 328332 SINGULARIA TANTUM 3839 SOUND ALTERNATION 18, 25
STATIVE 3031, 7475
STRUCTURE OF ENGLISH: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 1011
STYLE 354359 SUBJECT 2829
SUBJECT CLAUSES 275276, 306307 SUBORDINATE CLAUSES 270274,
320-321
SUBORDINATE STATEMENTS 272274 SUBSTANTIVE CLAUSES 272
SUBSTITUTION 252253
SUFFIXES 1517, 23, 46
SYNDETIC COMPOSITE SENTENCES
264268 SYNTAX 1215, 358359
TENSE 8688
general definition 8687
THAT -CLAUSES 308310
THEME 192193, 196197, 201 202, 245-246, 281-282
TRANSITION FROM SIMPLE TO COMPOSITE SENTENCES 254263
VERB 910, 1516, 3135, 76,
355358
emphatic do -forms 127128
interrogative forms 126127
morphological classes 144145
negative forms 125126
number 123124
person 123124 VERBALS 130136, 138, 141
second participle 132135
tense and correlation 131132
voice 132 VOICE 114122
active and passive ~ 115
middle ~ 119-122
reciprocal ~ 118119
reflexive ~ 116118 WORD-BUILDING 1518 WORD ORDER 238249
general points 238 secondary parts 241249 subject and predicate 238241
|