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Theatre






London ranks as one of the leading cultural centers. It has many professional theatres. Royal National Theatre Company presents plays by the famous playwrights. The na­tional Theater was opened in 1976. The building houses two theaters: the Olivier, which was named after famous actor Lord Olivier, and the smaller Littleton. The National Theatre has won a high reputation for the quality of its productions.

The Barbican Center in the City of London is an enormous complex, which contains two thea­tres, and art gallery, a Sculpture court, a library, three cinemas, two restaurants, and two exhibition halls. It was opened by the Queen on 3rd March 1982. The building itself is very interesting: it is built on 8 levels, 4 of which are underground. On the 5th level is the lake, complete with 45 fountains, and a terrace where you can have coffee. The main auditorium of the Barbican Theatre seats 1, 160 people. A smaller theatre, called The Pit, is a studio space with 200 seats. The Barbican Center, a cultural complex in the City, houses the London Symphony Orchestra and the Royal Shakespeare Company when it performs in London. The company also stages plays in Stratford-upon- Avon.

There have always been many theatres around the Covent Garden Area. One of the most famous is the Royal Opera House opened in 1847. Productions today are most lavish and attract a great following who come to see and hear the very best names in the world of opera. Ballet was brought to the theatre in 1911, and it became headquarters of the Royal Ballet Company. Covent Garden is one of the most famous theatres in the world for ballet.

The Theater Royal, Drury Lane has a long history. It is the largest in London. It has become the venue of many musicals such as Oklahoma and My Fair Lady.

The Old Vic became the home of classical plays and opera. It is famous for its Shakespearean pro­ductions.

The London Coliseum is the home of the English National Opera Company. It is one of the largest theatres in London. It was the first to install a revolving stage. Sara Bernhardt /Bernard/ 1844-1923/ has trodden its boards.

The Shaw Theatre is the permanent home of the National Youth Theatre of Great Britain. The Shaw Theatre aims to provide a good theatre at prices young people can afford. There are special reduc­tions for students and people under 21.

Some London theatres put on plays for children. Lively pantomimes at Christmas are performed by famous stars, and the audience is often asked to join in. Traditional pantomimes include Cinderella, lack and the Beanstalk, and Aladdin and His Lamp.

The Polka Children's Theatre has lots of funny shows, using puppets, toys and magic. There are also clowning and storytelling sessions.

The Molecule Theatre puts on lively fantasy plays, which help to explain simple scientific prin­ciples in a fun way.

The Unicorn Theatre for Children puts on plays full of adventure, magic and comedy. There are all kinds of theatre workshops to join in. Children can have a go at acting and scene –painting.London has four famous symphony orchestras – the BBC Symphony, London Philharmonic, London Symphony, and Royal Philharmonic. Most major concerts are held in the Royal festival Hall or in the Barbican Center.

Rock Circus is the New Music Revolution Show. It is the original and unique multi sensory rock attraction that allows you to see, feel, touch and be moved by the true spirit of rock and pop music. Moving and static life-size figures, lasers, archive film footage, three-dimensional stereo sound surround you and astound you. Rock Circus tells the story of rock and popular music in Europe's largest seated revolving auditorium.

Thomas Betterton /1635-1710/ was an English actor and the greatest figure of the XVII century stage. He was admirable in both comedy and tragedy. His Hamlet and Sir Toby Belch from the Twelfth Night by Shakespeare had been equally admired. He excelled in the heroic drama of the day, and created many famous parts by well-known dramatists.

Mrs. Elizabeth Barry /1658-1713/ was leading tragic actress. In the older theatre all female roles were played by boy-actors. In 1660 the boy actors vanish away and the actresses fully established. The woman made possible a more charming presentation of Shakespearean tragedy and comedy. They shed a fresh light on the Desdemonas and the Ophelias of the past. Mrs. Elizabeth Barry celebrated her greatest triumphs in all parts of tragedy. In tragedy she was solemn and august; in free comedy – alert, easy and genteel.

David Garrick / 1 7 17-1779/ was one of the greatest of English actors. He instituted many reforms in the style of English acting in his day. Garrick's career was triumphant. He was unsurpassed in such parts as Hamlet, Macbeth and Lear. He was equally admired in comedy: he was splendid as Benedick from Much Ado About Nothing. Garrick had won fame as a Shakespearean actor. John Kemble /l757–1823/ belonged to a famous family of English actors. He made his London debut in 1783 as Hamlet, in which character he captivated the audience by its gentleness and philosophy. Great tragic parts became linked with statuesque and Olympian, majestic Kemble.

William Macready /1793-1873/ was one of the finest English tragedians. He made his first appearance as Romeo in 1810. He played Hamlet for the first time in 1811. Macready was the first English manager to insist on full rehearsal.

Vivien Leigh /1913-1967/ was a famous English actress. After a short period of study in Paris and in London, she made a sensational success in 1935 as Hanriette in The Mask. She played both in England and America in the plays by Shaw, and Shakespeare. During a festival of Britain in 1951 she appeared with Laurence Olivier in Shaw's Caesar and Cleopatra and Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra in London and New York. The story of how she won the role of Scarlett O'Hara became a Hollywood legend.

Laurence Olivier /1907/ was English actor and producer. A fine actor, he is excellent in strong romantic costume parts. He played with different companies –the Old Vic, the Royal Shakespeare theatre, and the National theatre.

Richard Burton /1925-1984/ was an English actor, whose career splendidly developed both at the theatre and cinema. He is well remembered in the films: Look back in Anger, Cleopatra, The Night of Iguana, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, The Taming of the Shrew.


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