| Name
| Rule
| Formula
| Example
|
| to be
| Когда в предложении нет глагола (описание)
|
am, is, are
| I am a student.
Are we friends?
He isn’t a doctor.
|
| Have
Has
| Мы используем Have, когда хотим сказать, что у кого-то что-то есть.
| I, You, We, They + Have.
He, She, It + Has.
| I have a sister.
He has a lot of money.
We don’t have a house.
Does she have time for it?
|
| Have got Has got
| I have = I have got = I've got
He has =He has got = He's got
(особенность – если вы используете have got – то вспом. глагол - have)
| #2
| He’ s got arms He hasn’t got arms
Has he got arms?
What has he got?
|
| Present Simple
| действие происходит обычно (usually), часто (often),
иногда (sometimes),
всегда (always) и т.д.
|
I, You, We, They + V.
He, She, It + V s.
| I go to Easy School twice a week.
I don’t want to sleep.
Do es my granny cook well?
|
| Past Simple
| действие произошло в прошлом (yesterday, two years ago, last month, when I was 10 и т.д.)
|
кто + V ed / V2
| I play ed the piano yesterday.
Did you go to the cinema last week?
I gave him my bike.
|
| Present Cont.
| 1) действие происходит NOW
2) мы планируем что-либо
(Present for the Future)
| am, is, are
| We ’re sleep ing now.
I’m meet ing George tomorrow at 6.
What are you doing next year?
|
| Future Simple
| 1) решаем что-то сделать в момент речи;
2) мы обещаем что-то
3) после выражений:
I think/I don’t think, I’m sure/I’m not sure, I hope, probably/maybe/perhaps
4) вежливо просим кого-либо что-то сделать
|
кто + will + V
| 1) I’m tired. I’ll go to bed.
Where’s Ann? I’ll call her!
2) I promise, I’ll buy you a puppy.
3) I’m sure they’ll win.
Probably, I’ll leave my home.
4) Will you help me?
Will you close the door?
|
| Can
| 1) мы знаем, как это делать или в наших силах сделать это
2) мы просим кого-либо что-то сделать или сказать
3) мы спрашиваем разреш-e что-либо взять или сделать
4) мы хотим купить/ взять/ приобрести что-либо
|
кто + can + V
| 1) I can play the piano. Can you swim? He can speak English.
2) Can you open the door, please?
Can you tell me your address, please?
3) Tom, can I take your umbrella? Hello, can I speak to Garry, please?
4) Can I have these postcards, please?
|
| Should
| Мы используем should, когда даем совет.
|
кто + should + V
| You should eat more fruit.
You shouldn’t call them.
Should I study English?
|
| Must
| 1) мы считаем или кто-то говорит нам, что необходимо сделать (must = должен)
2) Mustn’t = нельзя.
|
кто + must + V
| 1)You must tidy your room up today.
I must go, I want to meet Katy at 6.
2) It’s a secret, you mustn’t tell anybody.
|
| Have to
| 1) нужно, должен – мы иcпользуем have to когда есть объективная необходимость что-то сделать
2)don’t have to= необязательно
| кто
+
have to/has to
+
V
| 1) You have to stay at your friend’s house today.
2) She doesn’t have to wear a tie.
3) Do you have to go there today? Maybe you can stay?
|
| Would
| 1) would = бы
2) I'd like to = я бы хотел
3) I'd rather = я бы лучше
| кто + would + V
| 1) I would buy it. – I wouldn’t do it.
2) I would like to have a lemonade.
3) I ’d rather eat a snake then stop studying English!
|
| May
| Мы используем May, когда:
1) Даем разрешение
2) Запрещаем что-то (мягче, чем must) 3) Спрашиваем разреш-е
| кто + may + V
| 1) You may go.
2) You may not touch this!
3) May I get a drink?
|
| to
| Между двумя глаголами всегда ставится to:
1) to – не переводится
2) to = чтобы
3) have to/ has to = должен
|
V to V
V s to V
| 1) I want to eat.
2) He goes to school to study well.
3) I have to go. She has to sleep.
|
| тянучки
| like, love, hate, enjoy,
go on, give up
|
кто + V(s) + ing
| I like singing.
Bob hate s doing his homework.
|
| Who, that, which
|
A person who (that) …
A thing which (that) …
A place where …
|
----
| #1. A doctor is a person who work s in a hospital.
#2. I know somebody who know s you.
#3. A kitchen is a place where people can cook.
|
Adjective
| Comparative
| Superlative
| Special Features
|
|
1. 1 слог => -er, the -est
fat
slim
|
fatter
slimmer
|
the fattest
theslimmest
| 1. Nice – nic ER Закончилось на -e –
добавляем только -r
2. Big – bi GG er Закончилось на
согл-гл-согл – удваиваем согласную
3. CrazY – craz IER
-y меняем на -ier
|
|
2. 2 слога на –y, -er =>
-er, the -est
funny
clever
|
funnier
cleverer
|
the funniest
the cleverest
|
|
3. 2 слога и больше => more, the most
modern
beautiful
interesting
|
more modern
more beautiful
more interesting
|
the most modern
the most beautiful
the most interesting
| |
Attention!
good
better
the best
bad
worse
the worst
| |
4.Ecли сравниваем 2 предмета, используем сравнительную степень:
My tights are prettierthan your tights
Her shoes are nicer thanyour shoes
|
5.Если сравниваем 3 и больше, используем превосходную степень:
She is the cleverest of 3 sisters
He is the funniest person in the world
| |
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