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I.A)Read the text, translate the phrases and sentences in bold into Russian






Summer Holidays: Peter Hughes looks at how our horizons have expended and the world has shrunk since 1963 " We're all going on a summer holiday, " sang a British pop star Cliff Richard way back in 1963, but he and his musicians never thought of going further than ex-Yugoslavia. Their adventure in the film Summer Holiday involved buying a London bus and driving through Europe The few package holiday available were to places such as the Costa Brave. Palma, Austria or Italy. Holiday-makers flew in a piston-engined aeroplane such as the Lockheed Constellation and paid about forty guineas for 15 days in Majorca At that time package holidays were rarely shorter than two weeks. This was because the government wouldn't allow tour operators using charter flights to sell a holiday for less than the price of a return ticket on a scheduled airline to the same place. As. a result. the number of people able to afford a holiday abroad was limited. The expansion or popular travel has been explosive. Around 250, 000 people took a package holida y in 1963; in 1992 the figure was 11 million. Increased prosperity, of course, has made this possible but the biggest influences have been politics and technology. Take Australia. In 1963 you would have spent your life savings getting there. Now you can go to Sydney on a two-week package and stay at a four-star hotel for a fraction of that price. It was a mixture of politics and technology that brought the Great Barrier Reef and Sydney harbour within reach. For years the national airlines had opposed any competition from charters but as the Australian economy declined and with the success of the bicentenary celebrations, revenue from tourism seemed more and more attractive. So the politicians changed their mind and charters started up in 1988. The new technology was in the aircraft itself, the Boeing 767 two-engined jet with the range and economy to bring a whole catalogue of long-haul destinations into the package holiday domain. Thailand, India, Mexico, East Africa, the States and the Caribbean all have their place in the mass market brochures thanks to the new aircraft. Politics with an even bigger " P' have opened up parts of the world that the most adventurous would have been reluctant to visit thirty years ago, even if they had been allowed in. Now several international airlines fly to Ho Chi Minh City, formerly Saigon, and the tourist can scramble through the Vietcong's secret network of tunnels which have been specially widened for broad-bottomed westerners. China now welcomes tourists who throng the Forbidden City, cruise up the Yangtze, and marvel at the Terracotta Warriors at Xian. As for Eastern Europe, the Russians want tourists.almost more than there are tourists to go there, and in the Czech state visitors stroll through the fairy-tale streets of Prague in their millions. In these cities a complete legacy of architecture has been handed down intact. St Petersburg would still be recognisable to Peter the Great; Prague is still much as Mozart knew it. Whatever else the communists did, their neglect of ancient buildings has proved to be an unexpected boon and has preserved the beauty of entire city centres.

B)Ask and answer the questions.Work in pairs .

1)Explain: “Our horizons have expanded, the world has shrunk”

2)Where did the British people go for a holiday in Europe back in 1963?

3)To which places were the few package holidays available?

4)What aeroplanes flew there?

5)Why were the packages rarely shorter than two weeks?

6)Could many people afford a holiday abroad?

7)Was the expansion of popular travel gradual?

8)What has made it possible and what have been the biggest influences?

9)How much would it cost to go to Australia in 1963 and how much does it cost now?

10)What about Australia? Why did charter flight start only in 1988?

11)What were the advantages of Boeing 767 two-engine jet?

12)How did politics influence tourism?

What is there so attractive for tourists in Eastern Europe?

We look at how holidays have changed since the Queen began her reign.

 

 

The cost of holidays

 

The average cost of a holiday to the Costa Brava in the 1950s was around £ 35 per person in high season, which equates to approximately £ 1, 026 today. The average weekly wage in 1950 was around £ 197 in today's money, so a holiday in the sun would cost the equivalent of just over five weeks' wages.


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