Vocabulary Practice. 1. Do you like chocolate?

1. Do you like chocolate? Find out how many people in your group like chocolate. What kind of chocolate do they eat and drink most often?

2. Work in pairs. Which of these words do you associate with chocolate?

cocoa, sweet, savoury, bitter, bean, spices, herbs, pepper, sugar, milk, sauce, chemical, plain, healthy, butter, bar, drink, solid, liquid, crop, greasy, grow, produce, warm, cold.

Can you think of any other words you associate with chocolate? Does your partner agree with you?

3. Read the passage and find out why it’s called Chocolate – like falling in love.

4. Match the following headings with each piece of information: history, facts, interesting incidents.

Exercise 11

Choose the right answer.

1) The..... for making this pudding are clearly written on the packet.

a) directions b) explanations c) preparations d) ways

2) The main..... of this drink are wine, vodka and orange juice.

a) components b) compositions c) ingredients d) parts

3)..... that cold meat into neat, thin pieces.

a) sandwich b) slash c) slice d) slit

4) This lime juice needs …… before you can drink it.

a) diluting b) dissolving c) softening d) watering

5) Put the salt in the water and let it..... before adding the pasta.

a) dissolve b) melt c) mix d) soften

6) Before mixing,..... the whites of the eggs.

a) divide b) free c) part d) separate

7) Please look in the refrigerator and see if the jelly has......

a) curdled b) hardened c) set d) stiffened

8) Put the cake into a strong box, or it might get..... in the post.

a) clubbed b) crushed c) smoothed d) splashed

9) Mr Hot ……. some pepper over his steak.

a) spat b) sprayed c) sprinkled d) squirted

10) How about a glass of orange juice to..... your thirst?

a) quash b) quell c) quench d) quieten

- Writing

Part 1

· When writing instructions, giving directions or describing processes (e.g. how to prepare a dish), you should give the reader detailed, accurate information in the right chronological order. Sentences should be short, clear and simple. Each stage of instructions is usually placed on a new line.

· The Passive Voice is used when describing processes, e.g. Coffee beans are picked. They are immediately laid out to dry. When they have been dried, they are hulled to free the seeds from their coverings.

· Sub-headings can be used to describe the various stages. Alternatively, you can number each piece of information. To link one piece of information with another you can use sequence words (see Part 2) or expressions such as: make sure, wait, remember, be careful, do not, you should. e.g. First peel and chop the onions. Then, crack the eggs into a bowl.

· You should use the imperatives when writing instructions. e.g. Put the cake in the oven at 180º C.

· Instructions, directions and explanations of processes can be found in cookery books, manuals, leaflets or as part of a letter according to their purpose.

Read the model and underline the sequence words. Then, answer these questions:

- What verb form is used to write instructions?

- Does the model include sub-headings and why?

- Does the model follow a chronological order?

SPONGE CAKE

Ingredients

6 egg yolks

½ cup milk

1½ cup sugar

1½ cup plain flour

6 egg whites

strawberries

icing

cream

Preparation

1. Beat egg yolks for about 5 minutes. Add milk and mix. Gradually beat in 1 cup of sugar.

2. Sprinkle ½ cup flour over yolk mixture; fold in till combined. Repeat with remaining flour, ½ cup at a time.

3. Beat egg whites and cream till soft peaks form. Gradually add the remaining sugar.

4. Fold 1 cup of the beaten egg white mixture into the yolk mixture; fold yolk mixture into remaining white mixture. Pour into an ungreased 10-inch cake tin.

5. Bake for 1 hour till cake springs back. Immediately turn cake over and cool thoroughly. Loosen sides of cake from tin and remove.

6. Finally pour over icing and pile strawberries on top.

Oven 160º C.

Part 2

When we exchange detailed information, such as the steps in a recipe, we often have to ask for clarification in order to get the exact information we need. What language is used to ask for clarification? Underline the words and expressions.

In good paragraph writing, it is important to move smoothly from sentence to sentence. We can use transitional words and phrases such as first, then, in addition, on the other hand, until, as a result, but to make our writing more effective. Write the transitional words or phrases in the correct places in the chart.

— Speaking

Think of your favourite dish. Work with a partner. Take turns explaining to each other how to make your favourite dishes. As your partner is explaining, ask for clarification. Use the words and expressions mentioned above.

Listening

You are going to listen to a chef describing how to make a traditional Mediterranean dish. Read the recipe then listen to the tape and fill in the missing words.

STUFFED TOMATOES

Ingredients

4 large tomatoes

5 tablespoons of rice

1 large onion

2 cloves of garlic

2 cups of olive oil

1 cup of water

some parsley

a pinch of salt and pepper

2 tablespoons of finely grated breadcrumbs

Preparation

· First wash the tomatoes and 1) …… off the tops.

· Then 2) ……. out the flesh with a spoon and 3) …… it in a bowl.

· 4) ……. the empty tomatoes on a baking tray.

· Finely chop the onion, garlic and parsley.

· Add them to the tomato flesh.

· 5) …… the rice and one cup of olive oil to the mixture.

· 6) ……… the mixture with salt and pepper.

· Mix the ingredients thoroughly with a wooden spoon.

· 7) …… the tomatoes with the mixture and 8) ……... them with the tops.

· 9) …… the rest of the olive oil and water over the tomatoes.

· Sprinkle them with the breadcrumbs.

· Put the tomatoes in the pre-heated oven.

· 10) ……. for about 50 minutes.

· Serve with freshly baked, home-made bread.

Oven 200˚ C/ gas mark 6. Serves 4