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Exercise 2.5

Exercise 1.

Read and memorize the words:

- to manipulate

- to respond

- to execute

- prerecorded

- retrieve

- reliably

- wire

- circuit

- to retain

- processing unit

- mass storage

 

Exercise 2.1

Read and translate the text:

A computer is machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. Its principal characteristics are:

- It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.

- It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program).

- It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data.

Therefore computers can perform complex and repetitive procedures quickly, precisely and reliably. Modern computers are electronic and digital. The actual machinery (wires, transistors, and circuits) is called hardware;

the instructions and data are called software. All general-purpose computers require the following hardware components:

- Central processing unit (CPU): The heart of the computer. This is the component that actually executes instructions organized in programs (“software”) which tell the computer what to do.

- Memory enables a computer to store, data, programs, and intermediate results.

- Mass storage device allows a computer to permanently retain large amounts of data and programs between jobs. Common mass storage devices include disk drives and tape drives.

- Input devise: Usually keyboard and mouse, the input device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter a computer.

- Output devise: A display screen, printer, or other devise that lets you see what the computer has accomplished.

In addition to these components, many others make it possible for the basic components to work together efficiently.

 

Exercise 2.2

Answer the questions:

- What is computer?

- What are its principal characteristics?

- What are modern computers?

- What is the heart of the computer?

- What do common mass storage devices include?

 

Exercise 2.3

Find in the text English equivalents:

- центральний процесор

- виконувати інструкції

- вводити в комп’ютер

- великий обсяг інформації

- запам’ятовувальний пристрій

- зберігати інформацію

Exercise 2.4

Communicative situation:

- You are at the conference. The theme of your report is “hardware”.

- At the exam the teacher asks you about the components of computer

 

Exercise 2.5

Fill in blanks with the necessary words:

- microprocessors - processing unit

- represented - central

- years - operation

- generations - powerful

There are eight of _________________. The first generation was ___________ by Intel 8086. The second generation central processing unit was by processing unit Intel 80286, used in IBM PC AT 286. The third generation is Intel 80386, used in IBM PC AT 336. The __________________ of the fourth generation were used in computers IBM PC AT 486. There are also ____________ processing units of the fifth generation, used in Intel Pentium 60 and Intel Pentium 66, central processing units of the sixth _________, used in computers Intel Pentium 75, 90, 100 and 133. Few _____ago appeared central processing units of seventh and eighth generations. They are much more ____________and can perform from 2000 to over 3000 million __________ per second.

 

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