LISTENING. 9. Pre-listening: match the English words and phrases in the left column with their Ukrainian equivalents in the right column. 1

9. Pre-listening: match the English words and phrases in the left column with their Ukrainian equivalents in the right column.

10. Listen and fill in the blanks with the correct words from the list:

having, lever, slide, ponding, uphill, inclined plane, stair, knife, choose, lid, cut, wedge, base, screw, twist

These simple machines share a plan of attack:

A broom, a crowbar and a baseball bat

And so does a hammer when it's ____________________ a tack

And the fork in your hand when you're _______________ a snack.

Tell me the name of this machine

The one that gives me so much leverage?

It's a _____

You can ride up a ramp or ____________________ down a slide

Take a trip to the top of a roller coaster ride

You'll be using this tool with every ____________________ that you climb

Go up a ladder, if you're so inclined!

Tell me the name of this machine

The one that makes going ____________________ easy?

It's an __________

With an axe or a ____________________ you can split into two

Any number of things that a razor can't do

And a sword's what to _________________when you're challenged to duel

You can split, trim or __________________with this versatile tool

Tell me the name of this machine

The one that helps split things in two?

It's a __________

With the twist of a ___________________ I could see right away

That the ridge on the jar is what made the lid stay

And the ________________________ of a light bulb has angular ribs

Which thread themselves tight when you _________________ the bulb in

Tell me the name of this machine

The one that holds things tightly together?

It's a __________

SPEAKING

11. If two or more simple machines work together, they form a complex machine. Most of the machines we use today are created by combining several simple machines. Can you think of creative ways to combine simple machines to make work easier? Think about it and discuss in pairs.

Discuss the following quotations in small groups.

1. “The wheel is an extension of the foot, the book is an extension of the eye; clothing, an extension of the skin, electric circuitry, an extension of the central nervous system.”

Marshall McLuhan (Canadian writer and social reformer)

2. “Coincidence is the word we use when we can't see the levers and pulleys.”

Emma Bull (Writer)

3. “An inventor is a person who makes an ingenious arrangement of wheels, levers and springs, and believes it civilization.”

Ambrose Bierce (American writer, journalist and editor)

4. “For 50, 000 years, ever he invented fire, the wheel and very recently the microprocessor, mankind has been striving endlessly to make himself 100 percent redundant.”

5. “If you wedge a rocket between the Rocky Mountains, you can reverse the rotation of the Earth.”