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AAVE aspectual system
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| Example | Name | SE Meaning / Notes |
| He workin'. | Simple progressive | He is working [right now]. |
| He be workin'. | Habitual/continuative aspect | He works frequently or habitually. Better illustrated with " He be workin' Tuesdays all month." |
| He be steady workin'. | Intensified continuative | He is always working. |
| He been workin'. | Perfect progressive | He has been working. |
| He been had that job. | Remote phase (see below) | He has had that job for a long time and still has it. |
| He done worked. | Emphasized perfective | He has worked. Syntactically, " He worked" is valid, but " done" is used to emphasize the completed nature of the action.[8] |
| He finna go to work. | Immediate future | He's about to go to work. Finna is a contraction of " fixing to"; though is also believed to show residual influence of late 16th century archaism " would fain (to)", that persisted until later in some rural dialects spoken in the Carolinas (near the Gullah region). " Fittin' to" is commonly thought to be another form of the original " fixin' (fixing) to", and it is also heard as fitna, fidna, fixna, and finsta. [9] |
Slang: words or expressions that are very informal and are not considered suitable for more formal situations. Some slang is used only by a particular group of people.
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Lecture 6: The relationship between language and society, part 3: sexism, racism and linguistic inequality.
Our topics:
Subjective inequality: AAVE.
Strictly linguistic inequality: ESL speakers and technical language.
Communicative inequality: Speech norms and register.
Subjective inequality: subjective inequality is judging a person’s character, ability, and intelligence based on their speech—think intelligence and character.
Strictly linguistic inequality: strictly linguistic inequality relates to the judgment of a person based on the quantity of linguistic items a person knows, that is how much “knowledge” a person has about the language they are using—think how many words.
Communicative inequality: Communicative inequality is judgment based on a person’s ability to use the language in social situations / interactions —think speech norms.
AAVE: Perhaps the best example of subjective inequality is African American Vernacular English. African-American Vernacular English (AAVE) is a dialect used by many African Americans, particularly those from working-class or inner-city areas. It is variously called Black English, Black Vernacular English, Ebonics, and in a durogatory way, “jive”. We will call it AAVE the abbreviation of African-American Vernacular English. It clearly differs from other varieties of English in its vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, but simply attaching it to one population group oversimplifies a complex situation.