Additional Exercise

If you decide to apply for a job in the western countries, you will probably need to form two documents: a letter of interest and a resume. This is the way how to do it. Read the letter of interest and a resume and try to write your own documents of the same kind.

a) a letter of interest

Dear sir or madam!

I graduate from Tver state university in 1985. Now I am finishing my post-graduate studies to defend my candidate thesis this winter. My major is called the theory of literature, which includes the study of the history of Russian and foreign literature.

I am interested in working in the Russian department of your university as a teacher of Russian and Russian literature for the school year 1991 -1992. In high school I gained experiences teaching Russian to foreign students. In. your department I could assist in the teaching of grammar, conduct a class in Russian conversation or give lectures on Russian literature.

If you are interested please write me at the above address. I will look forward to hearing from you.

Sincerely,

Ivanov I.I.

b) a resume

EDUCATION Tver State University, Faculty of Modern Languages, English Department (1983). Tver State University. Post-graduate studentship (1990).

EXPERIENCE Tver State University. The Department of Foreign Literature. I deliver lectures on European Literature of the 17-18th centuries (Fall 1988 - present). Tver State University. The Department of Russian Literature. Lecturer on Russian Literature of the 19- 20 centuries at the Preparatory Department (Fall 1988 - summer 1990). Tver State University. Summer Courses of Russian Language for Foreign Students. Teacher of Russian Language (Summer 1989, 1990). Tver State University. The Department of Foreign Languages for Humanities. Teacher of English (1986-1988). Tver secondary school teacher of English, German, Literature (1983-1986).

ACTIVITIES Intercontact Cooperative Firm. Courses of intensive studies of foreign languages. Teacher of English (Fall 1989 - present). Tver State University Exchange Program bw. Tver and Eastern Washington Universities. Tutor of American post-graduates in Russian conversational skills (Fall 1989 - winter 1990) Private English lessons (Fall 1989 - present).

PUBLICATIONS I am the author of 6 articles published in different editions of collections of articles. The topic of these publications is connected with folk and romantic British balladry. This is the subject of my candidate thesis which I am going to defend this winter.

LANGUAGES Russian (native language), English, German.

LESSON 5

LINE AND STAFF POSITIONS

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In business, organization structure means the relationship between positions and people who hold the positions. Organization structure is very important because it provides an efficient work system as well as a system of communication.

Historically, line structure is the oldest type of organization structure. The main idea of it is direct vertical relationships between the positions and tasks of each level, and the positions and tasks above and bellow each level. For example, a sales manager may be in a line position between a vice-president of marketing and a salesman. Thus a vice president of marketing has direct authority over a sales manager. A sales manager in his turn has direct authority over a salesman. This chain of command simplifies the problems of giving and taking orders.

When a business grows in size and becomes more complex, there is a need for specialists. In such case administrators may organize staff departments and add staff specialists to do specific work. These people are usually busy with services, they are not tied in with the company product. The activities of the staff departments include an accounting, personnel, credit and advertising. Generally they do not give orders to other departments.