![]() Главная страница Случайная страница КАТЕГОРИИ: АвтомобилиАстрономияБиологияГеографияДом и садДругие языкиДругоеИнформатикаИсторияКультураЛитератураЛогикаМатематикаМедицинаМеталлургияМеханикаОбразованиеОхрана трудаПедагогикаПолитикаПравоПсихологияРелигияРиторикаСоциологияСпортСтроительствоТехнологияТуризмФизикаФилософияФинансыХимияЧерчениеЭкологияЭкономикаЭлектроника |
Obligation/moral obligation, necessity.
" What do you think he should «\ що, по-твоєму, йому слід/ do?» (Trevor) треба робити?» «You should have told me so «Вам слід/треба було before.» (В. Sha w) раніше сказати мені про це.» 2. Regret, grief, sorrow: " / shouldn't have said that.» «Меніне слід/не треба було The structure of the Ukrainian sentence here may also be different and not correspond to its English original above: Навіщо мені було тільки казати це? /І треба мені було сказати це. 3. Advice/recommendation, admonition: «You shouldn't have consulted «Тобі не треба/не слід було «You shouldn't talk bitter like «Ти не повинен стільки зла The meaning of the modal verb should in this sentence may also be rendered through the imperative sentence: He виливай стільки зла, Альберте... 4. Supposition/suggestion, which can be expressed in Ukrainian with the help of modal words or particles, as in the following sentences: «Perhaps I should introduce «Може б мені представити друга Кокейна. «Itshould be about five now.» «Зараз десь/певне біля The modal verb should in the first sentence may also be translated through the particle бодай: Може, бодай представити вам мого друга Кокейна? 5. Doubt, indignation and some other emotions expressed Sartorius: «I don't know. How «Я не знаю. Та й звідки мені «Why should I wait?» (Ibid.) «Чому б це мені чекати?» 6. Surprise, indignation or pleasure (with the indefinite or «God forbid that /should ever «Воронь Боже мені сказати/ say a good word for you!» щоб я коли-небудь сказав хоч (L. P. Hartley) одне добре слово за тебе!» «І don't know why should I «He знаю, чому це я ше маю think about him.» (W. Trevor) думати про нього.» «/shouldn't have done that.» «(Ну) навіщо я це зробив.» (B.Shaw) (Мені неслідбуло цього робити.) The modal verb should In these same sentences above may also be understood and conveyed, when taken isolated from the text, in some other ways. For example, in the second sentence (under point 6) the meaning of should may also be expressed in Ukrainian through the modal verb повинен: «I don't know why should I «He розумію, чому це я think about him.» (Trevor) повинен думати про нього.» The modal verb should In the third (last) sentence above may also be translated with the help of the modal word слід: « / shouldn 't have done that.» «Мені не слід було цього 7. The modal verb should may also express reproval or protest, disappointment, etc., which may be expressed in Ukrainian with the help of the modal words or statives треба, слід, потрібно or with the help of some modal particles. Cf.: «I don't know why sometimes «He збагну, чому це іноді з «She really should have worn «їй справді слід/треба було In the last sentence above the meaning of should have worn. when under logical or emphatic stress, may be expressed in Ukrainian via the modal words треба/слід and the particles таки, і: їй і справді-таки треба було/слід-таки було носити пальто. Hence, before rendering the meaning of the modal verb should or any other modal verb belonging to those of indistinct or polysemantic contextual meaning, as shall, will, would, the following factors have to be taken into account: 1) the meaning and nature of the modal verb itself; 2) the lexical meaning of the infinitive with which this modal 3) the contextual environment of the predicative unit and 4) the traditional preference/choice of the modal verb in the Consequently, in case of the modal verb should preference may often be given not to its seemingly closer Ukrainian equivalent слід, as it could naturally be expected, but to its stronger modal word/stative треба, (cf. треба йти, треба думати, не треба забувати), which is more common in our language.
|