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Table of contents
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Foreword................................................................................................................................ 6
Introduction
Survey of the Development of English Grammatical Theory.......................................... 11
Grammar in Its Relation to Other Levels of Linguistic Structure............................................ 37
Problems of Field Structure.................................................................................................... 42
Functional Re-evaluation of Grammatical Forms in Context......................................... 45
Grammatical Doublets........................................................................................................... 55
Revision Material........................................................................................................... 59
Part I. Morphology
Chapter 1. The Subject-Matter of Morphology............................................................. 60
Chapter II. Parts of Speech.................................................................................. 67
Problem of Classification................................................................................ 67
Chapter III The Noun........................................................................................................... 72
Number........................................................................................................... 72
Case............................................................................................................... 78
The Article...................................................................................................... 84
Revision Material.................................................................................................................. 88
Chapter IV. The Adjective.................................................................................................... 89
The Category of Intensity and Comparison..................................................... 90
Substantivation of Adjectives........................................................................... 96
Revision Material............................................................................................................ 98
Chapter V. The Verb............................................................................................................. 99
The Structural Functions of the English Verb................................................ 105
Mood........................................................................................................ 107
Modal Verbs.................................................................................................................. 111
Voice............................................................................................................. 118
Active:: Passive in the English Voice System............................................... 118
Aspect........................................................................................................... 130
Lexico-Grammatical Categories in the Field of Aspect................................... 130
Revision Material................................................................................................................. 136
Chapter VI. English Verb-Forms and Their Pattern-Value.................................................. 137
The Present Tense..................................................................................... 137
The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense........................................... 141
The Past Tense.......................................................................................... 146
The Past Continuous (Progressive) Tense............................................... 147
The Perfect Tenses................................................................................... 149
The Future Tense............................................................................................ 154
Revision Material........................................................................................................... 159
Chapter VII. The Pronouns.................................................................................... 160
Personal Pronouns.................................................................................. 160
Chapter VIII. The Adverb..................................................................................... 164
Category of State..................................................................................... 166
Revision Material................................................................................................................ 168
Part II. Syntax
Chapter IX. Sentence Structure...................................................................................... 169
Chapter X. The Simple Sentence.................................................................................... 183
The Principal Parts of the Sentence..................................................................... 183
The Secondary Parts of the Sentence................................................................... 189
Word-Order......................................................................................................... 195
One-Member Sentences..................................................................................... 208
Infinitival Sentences........................................................................................... 211
Ellipsis................................................................................................................ 212
Verbless Two-Member Sentences........................................................................... 215
Idiomatic Sentences............................................................................................ 225
Constructional Homonymity.............................................................................. 228
Revision Material.......................................................................................................... 233
Chapter XL Phrase-Structure......................................................................................... 234
Subordinate Phrases...................................................................................................... 236
Noun-Phrases........................................................................................................... 236
Verb-Phrases.......................................................................................................... 242
Infinitival, Gerundial and Participial Phrases.......................................... 249
Coordinate Phrases........................................................................................................ 249
Revision Material.......................................................................................................... 251
Chapter XII. The Composite Sentence................................................................................ 252
Coordination...................................................................................................... 257
Subordination..................................................................................................... 261
Subject and Predicate Clauses.................................................................................. 262
Object Clauses......................................................................................................... 264
Attributive Clauses................................................................................................... 265
Clauses of Cause................................................................................................ 267
Clauses of Place....................................................................................................... 268
Temporal Clauses.................................................................................................... 269
Clauses of Condition.......................................................................................... 270
Clauses of Result................................................................................................ 273
Clauses of Purpose............................................................................................. 274
Clauses of Concession....................................................................................... 274
Clauses of Manner and Comparison........................................................................ 277
Overlapping Relationships and Synsemantics in Hypotaxis............................. 278
Transpositions and Functional Re-evaluation of Syntactic Structures.. 280
Final Remarks on Subordination.............................................................................. 282
Asyndeton.............................................................................................................. 283
Represented Speech................................................................................................. 285
Nominality in English Sentence-Structure............................................................... 286
Grammar and Style........................................................................................... 291
Revision Material......................................................................................................... 298
Index of Grammatical Points Treated............................................................................ 299
Recommended Literature 303