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Vocabulary notes. VAT = Value Added Tax to extend detriment to the detriment of smb [Iks'tend] ['detrIm@nt] НДС (налог на добавленную
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| VAT = Value Added Tax to extend detriment to the detriment of smb | [Iks'tend] ['detrIm@nt] | НДС (налог на добавленную стоимость) расширять, распространять ущерб, вред в ущерб кому-либо | ||||
| without detriment to | без ущерба для | |||||
| similarly | ['sIm@l@lI] | так же, подобным образом | ||||
| to assign | [@'saIn] | 1) назначать, определять; | ||||
| 2) передавать (права, имущество) | ||||||
| task | задача, задание | |||||
| task force | оперативная группа (создаваемая на время для решения какой-либо определенной задачи) | |||||
| revenue | ['rev@nju: ] | годовой доход (особ. государственный) | ||||
| expenditure | [Iks'pendItS@] | расходы (особ. государственные) | ||||
| decade | ['dekeId] | десятилетие | ||||
| to enjoy | [In'³ oI] | 1) получать удовольствие, | ||||
| наслаждаться; 2) пользоваться, обладать | ||||||
| according to | по словам, по мнению, по утверждению | |||||
| to tend | 1) иметь тенденцию; 2) заботиться | |||||
| to audit | ['o: dIt] | проверять отчетность, ревизовать | ||||
| account | [@'kaunt] | счет | ||||
| dissuasion | [dI'sweIZn] | разубеждение, отговаривание | ||||
| primary | ['praIm@rI] | первоначальный, первичный | ||||
| staff | штат служащих, служебный персонал | |||||
| to administer | 1) управлять, вести (дела); | |||||
| 2)отправлять (правосудие); налагать (взыскание) | ||||||
| to raise | 1) поднимать; 2) собирать (налоги, средства и т.д.) | |||||
| current | ['kö r@nt] | текущий, теперешний, современный | ||||
| currently syn. at present, at the present time, now current week, month, etc. of current interest to enhance | [In'ha: ns] | в настоящее время текущая неделя, месяц и т.д. злободневный, актуальный увеличивать, усиливать, усугублять | ||||
§ Words and Grammar
a Write down the word families of the following words:
b Mark the meaning in which the following words are used in the text with a tick:
с Choose the antonyms of the following words from the box:
| unexperienced, |
| dependent. independent...................... | serious.................................. |
| responsible......................................... | worthy................................... |
| experienced........................................ | essential............................... |
| primary.............................................. | many.................................... |
d Match the English and Russian equivalents and write down a few short sentences with them, on the basis of the text:
e Write down what parts of sentence the ing-forms are in each case and translate the following into Russian:
to combat serious crime including economic crimes... adv. modifier of manner............................................
the Office's powers extend to all serious offences involving organised crime..................................................
the essential task of monitoring Community fraud...........................................................................................
departments responsible for the monitoring of Community expenditure..........................................................
Italian legislation should shortly assign to the Guardia di Finanza this task thus making it a key instrument of their policy..............................................................................................................................................................
f Encircle the Past Participles and translate the following word combinations into Russian:
1 the policy laid down at the highest level
2 the operational unit of the Guardia di Finanza established by the Decree of the Prime Minister
3 the forces of dissuasion represented by high-level institutions
4 the primary checks carried out by the administrator himself
5 specific fraud prevention controls carried out by specialists in the fight against organised financial crime
6 if the controls applicable to expenditure could be raised to the level of those currently applied to revenue
g Underline the Nominative with the Infinitive Construction and translate the sentences into Russian:
1 Both national and Community revenues are said to enjoy a high level of protection.
2 They may be said to be well-protected.
3 Controls are announced to be the responsibility of those bodies.
4 This organisation is announced to have been set up in 1992.
5 The Community finances are expected to be considerably enhanced.
§ Suggested activities
h Sum up what has been done in each European country to combat fraud.
i Write down a few sentences about the Community's efforts to prevent frauds.
j After refreshing all the texts on frauds make
• a plan of your report and
• the report itself on this subject, imagining you are speaking at a symposium.
k Work in pairs.
Discuss with your group-mate the strong and weak points of your report.