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WrItIng eSSaYS


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Procedure

 

1. Warm-up

Name the types of writing you know.

 

2. speaking

Discuss the following questions.


 

 

 


1) Does the environment belong principally to the human race?

2) Do your consumption habits destroy the habitats of other species?

3) Do you think that developers should be permitted to build big hotels and tourist complexes in the most beautiful places in your country?

4) Should the private motorist be made to pay more heavily through high- er road tax, petrol prices, parking fees and motorway tolls?

5) Should cars be banned from city, town and village centres?

6) Are you for or against nuclear power?

7) Does your country need stricter laws to punish noisy neighbours or dis- cos which play loud music late at night?

8) Are your countrys seas, rivers and / or lakes clean to swim in?

9) What government and private campaigns are there in your country to

protect and improve the environment? Are these campaigns motivated by concern for the lives and habitats of species other than our own?

 

3. Reading

Do ex. 1, p. 155.

 

4. speaking

Do ex. 2, 3, p. 155.

 

5. speaking and writing

Do ex. 4, p. 156.

 

6. Reading

Do ex. 5, 6, p. 157.

 

7. Reading and speaking

Do ex. 7, p. 158.

 

8. summary

What are five ways that every person can help the environment, start- ing now?

 

9. Homework

Do ex. 8, p. 160.

Use the following list of environmental issues for your ideas.

Climate change Global warming Global dimming Fossil fuels Sea level rise Greenhouse gas Ocean acidification Shutdown of ther- mohaline circulation Environmental impact of the coal industry Urban Heat Islands

Conservation Species extinction Pollinator decline Coral bleach- ing Holocene extinction Invasive species Poaching Endangered species


Energy Energy conservation Renewable energy Efficient energy use Renewable energy commercialization Environmental impact of the coal industry

Environmental degradation Eutrophication Habitat destruction Invasive species

Environmental health Air quality Asthma Environmental im- pact of the coal industry Electromagnetic fields Electromagnetic ra- diation and health Indoor air quality Lead poisoning Sick Building Syndrome

Genetic engineering Genetic pollution Genetically modified food controversies

Intensive farming Overgrazing Irrigation Monoculture Envi- ronmental effects of meat production Slash and burn Pesticide drift Plasticulture

Land degradation Land pollution Desertification

Soil Soil conservation Soil erosion Soil contamination Soil sali- nation

Land use Urban sprawl Habitat fragmentation Habitat de- struction

Nanotechnology Nanotoxicology Nanopollution

Nuclear issues Nuclear fallout Nuclear meltdown Nuclear power Nuclear weapons Nuclear and radiation accidents Nuclear safety High-level radioactive waste management.

Overpopulation Burial Water crisis Overpopulation in compan- ion animals Tragedy of the commons Gender Imbalance in Developing Countries Sub-replacement fertility levels in developed countries

Ozone depletion CFC Biological effects of UV exposure

Pollution Environmental impact of the coal industry Nonpoint source pollution Point source pollution Light pollution Noise pollu- tion Visual pollution

Water pollution Environmental impact of the coal industry Acid rain Eutrophication Marine pollution Ocean dumping Oil spills Thermal pollution Urban runoff Water crisis Marine debris Micro- plastics Ocean acidification Ship pollution Wastewater Fish kill Algal bloom Mercury in fish

Air pollution Environmental impact of the coal industry Smog Tropospheric ozone Indoor air quality Volatile organic compound Particulate matter

Reservoirs Environmental impacts of reservoirs

Resource depletion Exploitation of natural resources Over- drafting

Consumerism Consumer capitalism Planned obsolescence Over- consumption

Fishing Blast fishing Bottom trawling Cyanide fishing Ghost nets Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing Overfishing Shark finning Whaling

Logging Clearcutting Deforestation Illegal logging

Mining Acid mine drainage Hydraulic fracturing Mountaintop removal mining Slurry impoundments

Toxins Chlorofluorocarbons DDT Endocrine disruptors Di- oxin Toxic heavy metals Environmental impact of the coal industry Herbicides Pesticides Toxic waste PCB Bioaccumulation Biomag- nification

Waste Electronic waste Litter Waste disposal incidents Ma- rine debris Medical waste Landfill Leachate Environmental impact of the coal industry Incineration Great Pacific Garbage Patch Ex- porting of hazardous waste


unIt 6. SPEaKIng aBout art

 

Lesson 58

 

are YoUIntereStedInart?


 

 

 


 

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1. Warm-up

Do ex. 1, p. 165.

 

2. speaking


Procedure


Do ex. 3, p. 165 (questions 16).

 

3. Vocabulary practice

Match forms of art tools and their definitions.

 

 

 

 

 

 

1) Tech- nique a) materials, images, signs and symbols
2) Visual Design b) the way that an artwork is made and studied that is the prac- tice of Art Making, Art Criticism and Art History. Practice of making art works involves ideas, beliefs, interpretations, intentions, skills, technology and actions
3) Media c) means the manner of an artwork, the way it looks which can be recognised as characteristic of a person, school or culture e.g. the styles of Art Nouveau, Art Deco, Cubism, the Aztecs or Egyptians, the style of Dali or Picasso which can be identi- fied by its characteristic elements
4) Print Making d) is the deliberate choice and layout of elements in a work of painting, drawing, photograph, collage, computer graphics or three dimensional form such as furniture, appliances or fur- nishings, which acts as a prototype for production and com- mercial release
5) Style e) means the manner of making or method used in achieving an artwork. The manner of artistic execution or performance or the skills used in making artworks. For example, traditional western oil painting on canvas or the Impressionists dab technique. The coiling technique in pottery or the photograph- ic silk screen print making technique
6) Process f) the task, the job, the purpose of an artwork such as telling stories or narrative, to inspire magic, to celebrate an event, to decorate, art for religious instruction and worship, to imi- tate nature, for personal pleasure or art for arts sake such as exploring the emotional effects of the elements or developing visual effects with media or technology.
7) Prac- tice g) means the sequence of action, the steps taken when making an art work usually involving developing ideas by experimenta- tion, exploring different ways of solving problems, manipu- lating these ideas and appropriate media by evaluating success and resolving the work for presentation
8) Func- tion h) is where the artist uses TECHNOLOGY that allows more than one work to be produced

 

 

 

Key: 1 e, 2 d, 3 a, 4 h, 5 c, 6 g, 7 b, 8 f.

 

4. Reading

Do ex. 4, p. 165.

 

5. Writing

From the text in ex. 4, p. 165 write out all the word which are connected

with painting and which would be useful for describing other paintings.


6. Listening

Listen to the dialogue and do the task.

AT A FLEA-MARKET

V e n d o r. Hello, Madam, What can I do for you today?

C u s t o m e r (picking up a beautiful hand-painted plate). This is quite lovely. Where was it made?

V e n d o r. Oh, I see you have excellent taste. Its local pottery. It was painted by a local artist.

C u s t o m e r. Its really something do you have anything else by this artist?

V e n d o r. Well, Im not really sure who exactly painted which pieces of pottery, but here are some similar pieces.

C u s t o m e r. No, theyre really not the same.

V e n d o r. Well, how about these here? I had them brought in just this morning.

C u s t o m e r. Yes, those are quite nice. What about the prices?

V e n d o r. Obviously, it depends on what you would like to buy. That plate that you were first looking at costs $50.

C u s t o m e r. $50! Thats quite expensive. I cant afford that.

V e n d o r. These are hand painted pieces, that kind doesnt come cheaply. C u s t o m e r. Yes, I understand that. But I really think that $50 is just

too much.

V e n d o r. Listen, I can see that you are in love with that plate. Lets just make it $45. Id really like you to take that home with you.

C u s t o m e r. How about $35. I really cant go any higher than that. V e n d o r. I really cant, I mean that would be selling at cost.

C u s t o m e r. Well, $38 is absolutely the most I can spend.

V e n d o r. All right. I really shouldnt. The artist is going to have me put out of business for selling his wares at such low prices.

C u s t o m e r. Come, come. Lets not exaggerate. V e n d o r. Youre a clever one, arent you?

C u s t o m e r. Im just someone who pays close attention to what I spend. V e n d o r. Theres no shame in that. Here you are.

C u s t o m e r. Thank you very much.

V e n d o r. Thank you, have a pleasant day.

 

1) Whats the customer interested in?  
  a) Some local pottery b) Some hand-painted cups
  c) Some handmade clothes    
2) Whats special about the items?    
  a) Theyre handicraft work b) Theyre produced in Germany
  c) Theyre porcelain.    
3) Which price do they settle on?    
  a) $50 b) $35
  c) $38    

4) What does the vendor say the artist is going to do?

a) Put him out of business b) Give him a raise c) Provide a refund

5) Why does the customer demand a lower price?

a) The customer is very poor

b) The customer pays close attention to what he spends. ) The customer claims the plates are made in a factory. Key: 1 a, 2 a, 3 c, 4 a, 5 b.

 

7. summary

What would life be like without art?

 

8. Homework

Do ex. 5, p. 168.


Lesson 59

 


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