Hardware parts

A central processing unit (CPU) is an important part of almost every computer. The CPU sends signals to control the other parts of the computer, almost like how a brain controls a body.

The CPU is an electronic machine that works on a list of things to do, called 'instructions'. It reads the list of instructions, one instruction at a time, and does each one in order. A list of instructions that a CPU can read is a computer program. A machine that can perform the job of a CPU is often called a Turing machine by mathematicians.

A computer mouse is an input device that is most often used with a personal computer. Moving a mouse along a flat surface can move the on-screen cursor to different items on the screen. Items can be moved or selected by pressing the mouse buttons (called clicking).

It is called a computer mouse because of the wire that connects the mouse to the computer. The people who designed the first computer mice thought that it looked like the tail on a mouse. Today, many computer mice use wireless technology and have no wire.

The motherboard or mainboard is the main circuit board in a complex electronic system, like a computer. It is the most 'central' part of a computer. All of the different parts of the computer are connected to the motherboard. This lets them work together. In most computers, the motherboard is a big green board, but many come in different colours like black, red and yellow.

A computer monitor is an electronic device that shows pictures. Monitors often look similar to televisions. The main difference between a monitor and a television is that a monitor does not have a television tuner to change channels. Monitors often have higher display resolution than televisions. A high display resolution makes it easier to see smaller letters and fine graphics.

1. Find the English equivalents in the text:

Надсилати сигнали, контролювати тіло, по порядку, виконувати роботу, рівна поверхня, натиснути кнопку, використовувати бездротову технологію, основна плата, тюнер (настроювач), змінювати канали, розподільна здатність.

2. Translate the following terms and terminological expressions:

The list of instructions, to perform a job, to be called, input device, on-screen cursor, different items, clicking, to connect to the computer, to use wireless technology, the main circuit board, to have higher display resolution, fine graphics.

3. Answer the following questions:

1) What is the function of the CPU?

2) How does it work?

3) What is a computer program?

4) What can move the on-screen cursor?

5) How can items be moved?

6) What is the most central part of a computer?

7) What are different parts connected to?

8) What is the function of a monitor?

9) What is the main difference between a monitor and a television?

10) What does high display resolution make?