Unit 8 Higher Education in the UK

I. Согласные звуки [w], [n].

II. Text A: «Text: Higher Education in the UK». III.§1. Сложное дополнение (Complex object).

§2. Причастие и герундий.

Phonetic warm-up

Согласный звук [w]. При произнесении губы округ­лены и значительно выдвинуты вперед, а задняя часть языка занимает примерно такое же положение, как при произнесении русского [у]. Струя выдыхае­мого воздуха с силой проходит через образованную между губами круглую щель. Губы энергично раздви­гаются.

Согласный звук [п]. При произнесении согласно­го задняя спинка языка смыкается с опущенным мягким нёбом, и воздух проходит через носовую по­лость.

Exercise A

what — why — where whip — wheat — while

Exercise В

war — wharf — water

wedding — wage — wait

Part I

waitress — waist — waste weather — woman — wind

Exercise С

wall — wallet — walk walnut — waltz — won

Exercise D

wing — king — sting

sing — nothing — something

everything — anything — ring

Text A: «HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE UK»

Education after 16 is voluntary in United Kingdom. Students, who live in England, Wales, and Northern Ire­land must take at the age of 16 the examinations for the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE). In Scotland students receive the Scottish Certificate of Education. After this exam students can choose to stay on in school or attend colleges of further educa­tion.

British universities are self-governing and are guar­anteed academic independence. Funding for education and research is provided by funding councils set up by Parliament. The number of universities jumped in 1992 when polytechnics and some other higher education es­tablishments were given the right to become universi­ties. By the end of 1994, there were some 90 universi­ties, almost half of them former polytechnics, including the Open University.

Many of the colleges of Oxford and Cambridge uni­versities were founded in the 12th and 13th centuries.

Unit 8

All other universities in Britain were founded in the 19^th and 20^th centuries. The Open University, based in Milton Keynes, England, was founded in 1969. It uses exten­sion techniques of correspondence courses, television and radio programmes, and video cassettes, supported by local study centres and summer schools, to provide higher education opportunities to a wide variety of people.

During the 1960s there was a significant increase in the number of new universities, reflecting a fast growth in student numbers. During the 1980s, an expansion in higher education places led to another large jump in stu­dent numbers. In the 1992-1993 academic year there were more than 1.4 million students in full or part-time higher education in Great Britain, compared with just under 850, 000 a decade earlier. About one quarter of young people are in higher education in England, Wales, and Scotland; one third in Northern Ireland. About 90 per cent of students get state grants to cover tuition fees and living costs.

The size of the grant is determined by parents income. Since the late 1980s, however, grants have been frozen; students can apply for a student loan.

Vocabulary:

voluntary ['volantan] — добровольное

attend — посещать

self-governing — самоуправляемый

funding — финансирование

funding councils — советы по финансированию

to set up — основывать

significant — значительный

polytechnics — политехнические институты

Part I

extension techniques — технологии дистанционно­го образования

to reflect — отражать

decade — десятилетие

state grants — государственные гарантии

tuition fee — плата за обучение

parents income — доход родителей

student loan [1эип] — студенческий заём

Add to your active vocabulary:

a) high-school dipoma — школьный аттестат
graduation ceremony — выпускной экзамен
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) — бакалавр естественных
наук

Bachelor of Art (B.A.) — бакалавр гуманитарных наук

Master of Art (M.A.) — магистр искусств Master of Science (M.S.) — магистр естественных наук

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) — доктор философии undergraduate student — студент 1-4(5) курсов graduate student — студент 5-6 курсов graduate school of robotics — магистратура (аспи­рантура) по специальности робототехника

b) room (lodging) and board — проживание и питание
personal expenses — личные расходы

books and supplies — книги и материалы to be eligible for admission — быть подходящей кан­дидатурой для поступления to enrol — зачислять enrollment — зачисление admissions office — приемная комиссия student services office — департамент по работе со студентами

Unit 8

university bursar's ['bgisa'] (казначей) office — бух­галтерия университета (офис казначея)

Exercise 8.1. Translate into English:

1) В возрасте 16 лет каждый житель Великобрита­нии обязан сдать экзамены на получение Сертифика­та о среднем образовании.

2) Британские университеты являются полностью самоуправляемыми.

3) В 1992 году Политехническим институтам была предоставлено право стать университетами.

4) Открытый университет, широко известный сво­ими технологиями дистанционного обучения, был ос­нован в 1969 году.

5) В 60-е годы в Соединенном королевстве наметил­ся значительный рост числа университетов.

6) Размер гранта на обучение определяется исходя из дохода родителей.