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Part II. specific stiffness — удельная жесткость anisotropic ['aenaisa'traupik] — анизотропный
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specific stiffness — удельная жесткость anisotropic ['aenaisa'traupik] — анизотропный
General understanding:
1. What is called «composite materials»?
2. What are the best properties of fibre-glass?
3. What do composite material usually consist of?
4. What is used as matrix in composites?
5. What is used as filler or fibers in composites?
6. How are the composite materials with ceramic and: metal matrices called?
7. What are the advantages of composites?
8. What are the disadvantages of composites?
9. Why anisotropic properties of composites should be taken into account?
Exercise 5.5. Find equivalents in the text:
1. композитные материалы
2. уникальные механические качества
3. полимерные матричные композиты
4. составлять 60% объема
5. углепластик
6. привлекательные качества
7. структура, подвергающаяся воздействию разнонаправленных сил
. Exercise 5.6. Translate into Russian:
1. PMC is fabricated so that all the fibres are lined up parallel to one another.
2. Forming strong connections between separate composite material components is difficult.
3. Fabricating composite materials is a complex process.
4. Composite materials have certain advantages over conventional materials
Unit 5
5. Nowadays, composites are being used for structures such as bridges, boat-building etc.
6. Continuous-fibre composites are generally required for structural applications.
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FAMOUS INVENTORS
1——. ■ i
Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a famous Swedish chemist and inventor. He was born in Stockholm in 1833. After receiving an education in St.Petersburg, Russia, and then in the United States, where he studied mechanical engineering, he returned to St. Petersburg to work with his father in Russia. They were developing mines, torpedoes, and other explosives.
In a family-owned factory in Heleneborg, Sweden, he developed a safe way to handle nitroglycerine ['naitrsu'ghsarbn], after a factory explosion in 1864 killed his younger brother and four other people. In 1867 Nobel achieved his goal: he produced what he called dynamite [' damamait] динамит. Не later produced one of the first smokeless powders ['pauda'] (порох). At the time of his death he controlled factories for the manufacture of explosives [iks'plsusiv] (взрывчатое вещество) in many parts of the world. In his will he wanted that the major portion of his money left became a fund for yearly prizes in his name. The prizes were to be given for merits (заслуги) in physics, chemistry, medicine and physiology, literature, and world peace. A prize in economics has been awarded since 1969.