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Comprehension check
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Ex. 4. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.
1. There are three types of sewage: domestic sewage, sanitary sewage, and industrial sewage.
2. Wastewater is treated in the underground pipes.
3. Household wastewater is more than 99.9% dissolved and suspended impurities by weight.
4. Pathogens are disease-causing microbes, bacteria, viruses and parasitic worms.
5. Grey water is wastewater from kitchen and bathroom sinks, baths, showers, washing machines, dishwashers and laundry which can be recycled for flushing toilets.
6. Industrial effluent contains specific biological compounds, depending on the nature of the industrial process.
7. Such contaminants as oil and grease can be found in both domestic and storm sewage.
Ex. 5. Answer the following questions according to the information in the text.
1. What is wastewater?
2. Why does sewage need to be made safe before sending it back into the environment?
3. Where is sewage usually treated?
4. What is the main purpose of sewage treatment?
5. What types of sewage are there? What are the sources of these types of sewage?
6. What substances and impurities does domestic sewage contain?
7. What is the classification of sanitary sewage?
8. What does the nature of chemical compounds in industrial effluent depend on?
9. Why is some level of storm sewage treatment required before storm water is discharged into waterways?
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
Ex. 6. Memorize the following pairs of derivatives, paying attention to the meanings of prefixes.
| Common – uncommon Cycle – recycle Developed – undeveloped Ground – underground Human – inhuman Likely – unlikely Metal – nonmetal Move – remove | Organic – inorganic Pure – impure Purification – self-purification Purity – impurity Safe – unsafe Solve – dissolve Surface – subsurface Treated – untreated |
Ex. 7. Transform as in the models.
Model 1 “Verb → Noun”: To treat wastewater → treatment of wastewater
To dispose of sludge, to contaminate waterways, to damage the environment, to maintain clean aquatic environment, to divide into types, to separate and drain waste, to water plants, to recycle grey water, to identify chemical compounds, to discharge into waterways, to remove solids.
Model 2 “Noun → Noun”: treatment of wastewater → wastewater treatment
Particles of soil and dirt, sinks in kitchens and bathrooms, fragments of food, watering of plants, a system of pipes, processes of treatment, lots for parking, the surface of the ground, a basin for sedimentation, disposal of wastewater, disposal of sludge, discharge of water, recycling of grey water.