В: Vocabulary in context

A: Parts of speech

The following groups of words are all related in meaning because they have the same roots. Notice the different suffixes indicating different parts of speech.

Verb Noun Adjective

Continue continuation continuous

Standardize standardization standard

Assemble assembly

Extract extraction

Produce product productive

Synthesize synthesis synthetic

Analyze analysis analytic

Manufacture manufacturer manufactured

Proceed process

Specify specification specific

Read the following sentences carefully and supply the correct form of the word.

Continue

1. In the ______________ production labour and equipment work nonstop, producing a high volume of standard products.

Assemble

2. The ___________ line was first used by Henry Ford for___________ automobiles.

Standard

3. ___________ parts are produced by the manufacturer because he believes that someone will buy them. The ___________ of parts enabled manufacturers to produce in a continuous process.

Extract

4. The ___________ of oil from underneath the ocean floor requires expensive equipment.

Produce

5. The continuous process is a much more________ method of manufacturing certain goods than the intermittent process.

Synthesize

6. Many ___________ products are made from oil.

Analyze

7. By means of ___________ many important fuels can be produced from crude oil.

Manufacturer

8. These items were_________ in Switzerland.

Proceed

9. We shall use the new ____________ developed by our research staff.

Specific

10. The customer __________ how he wanted the product designed. We must build it to his _______________.

В: Vocabulary in context

The following sentences indicate the meaning of the word directly as in a definition or indirectly by means of another element of the sentence. Read the following sentences and try to understand the meanings by using the context.

1. Production involves bringing together workers, machinery, and raw materials to make goods.

2. Through analysis, gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil, asphalt, and many other products are obtained from oil.

3. Glass is synthesized by joining together lime, soda, potash, and other raw materials.

4. Some raw materials, such as coal and copper ore, are extracted from the earth.

5. The fabrication of automobiles involves the assembly of previously manufactured parts.

6. Using the intermittent method of production, a manufacturer sets his machinery to produce a certain number of units, a job lot. When the job is finished, the machinery is reset to produce different items to fill another order.

7. Goods produced to suit individual customers are called custom- made.

8. In continuous production, the machinery is set to produce identical products for a long period of time.

9. Continuous production of identical items is made possible by stand­ ardization of parts.

10. In production, volume refers to the number of units produced in a given period of time.

11. To keep production most efficient, we need to produce the highest volume using the least amount of machines and labor.

12. Standard goods are designed to please the average taste.

Now rewrite the above sentences substituting one of the words or phrases from the list below for the underlined words output

chemical breakdown produced

factory operation production

fitting together production models

cost effective single order

interchangeability and uniformity specially designed

mined start-and-stop

nonstop or assembly line products

unmanufactured elements manufacture