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Запомните следующие местоимения, прилагательные и наречия
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| little – a little | мало – некоторое количество |
| few – a few | мало – несколько |
| both – both … and | оба, обе – и … и, как … так |
| either – either … or | любой (из двух) – или … или |
| neither – neither … nor | ни один (из двух) – ни … ни |
| very – the very | очень – тот же самый |
| some - the same | некоторый – такой же, тот же самый |
IV. Найдите сходство и различие выделенных слов и дайте их русские эквиваленты.
1. a) A good password should have at least seven characters containing both letters and numbers, thus making the password more difficult to guess.
b) The printer moves bi-directionally both ways from left to right and then right to left.
2. a) Some computer programs display what are called icons on the computer screen.
b) Multimedia applications usually require more computer memory and processing power than the same information represented by text alone.
3. a) Small and mid-size firms that outgrow a few PCs and the physical sharing of disks often upgrade to LANs in order to facilitate collaboration and the sharing of business tools.
b) Few scientists supported this theory.
4. a) The IT company is so secretive that little is known about its internal design process.
b) Lately the researcher has made a little progress in his investigation.
5. a) The intensity of a laser can be changed to encode very complex signals.
b) You have made the very same mistake again in your calculations.
6. a) Many robot applications are for tasks that are either dangerous or unpleasant for human beings.
b) Either technique can be used in this experiment.
7. a) Neither of the possible ways is simple.
b) Under ordinary conditions there is neither perfect conductor nor perfect insulator.
Функции this / these, that / those
| 1. Указательные местоимения: this/these+сущ.–этот, эти that/those–тот, те | These technologies can make our life easier. Эти технологии могут облегчить нашу жизнь. |
| 2. а) Союз that+субъект (С) + сказуемое (СК) – что б) Союзное слово: that+сказуемое – который | It is nearly 40 years old but one leading research company says that days of the computer mouse are numbered. – Ей почти 40 лет, но одна ведущая исследовательская компания говорит, что дни компьютерной мыши сочтены. A device that functions as both a transmitter and a receiver is called a transceiver. Устройство, которое работает и как передатчик, и как приемник, называется приемопередатчик (трансивер). |
| 3. Слово-заместитель ( упомянутого ранее существительного): that/those + of/причастие (Participle II)/прилагательное | This is a new measuring equipment, its accuracy is much higher than that of the old one. Это – новое измерительное оборудование, его точность намного выше, чем точность старого оборудования. |
V. Назовите предложения, в которых this/these, that/those являются указательными местоимениями.
1. Sony and Canon and other photographic manufacturers are using face recognition that recognizes your face in real time.
2. This network group of up to 8 devices is called a piconet.
3. Security is a critical issue that almost everyone of us deals with.
4. This frequency range prescribes both the center frequency and channel width.
5. A software bug is an error, flaw or mistake in a computer program that prevents it from behaving as intended.
6. To prove this law experimentally is very difficult.
7. When l saw her in the river l was frightened, for at that point the currents were dangerous.
8. The television audio signals are received by equipment similar to that used in other forms of radio.
9. These projects have not been put into effect yet.
VI. Найдите сходство и различие выделенных слов и дайте их русские эквиваленты.
1. a) A good password should have at least seven characters containing both letters and numbers, thus making the password more difficult to guess.
b) The printer moves bi-directionally both ways from left to right and then right to left.
2. a) Small and mid-size firms that outgrow a few PCs and the physical sharing of disks often upgrade to LANs in order to facilitate collaboration and the sharing of business tools.
b) Few scientists supported this theory.
3 a) The IT company is so secretive that little is known about its internal design process.
b) Lately the researcher has made a little progress in his investigation.
4. a) The intensity of a laser can be changed to encode very complex signals.
b) You have made the very same mistake again in your calculations.
Функции this / these, that / those
| 1. Указательные местоимения: this/these+су–этот, эти that/those–тот, те | Thesetechnologies can make our life easier. Эти технологии могут облегчить нашу жизнь. |
| 2. Союз that+субъект (С) + сказуемое (СК) – что 2а. Союзное слово: that+сказуемое – который | A device that functions as both a transmitter and a receiver is called a transceiver. Устройство, которое работает и как передатчик, и как приемник, называется приемопередатчик (трансивер). |
| 3. Слово-заместитель: that/those + of/причастие (Participle II)/прилагательное – слово-заместитель упомянутого ранее существительного. | This is a new measuring equipment, its accuracy is much higher than that of the old one. Это – новое измерительное оборудование, его точность намного выше, чем точность старого оборудования. |
VII. Назовите предложения, в которых this/these, that/those являются указательными местоимениями.
1. This network group of up to 8 devices is called a piconet.
2. Security is a critical issue that almost everyone of us deals with.
3. This frequency range prescribes both the center frequency and channel width.
4. A software bug is an error, flaw or mistake in a computer program that prevents it from behaving as intended.
5. To prove this law experimentally is very difficult.
6. The television audio signals are received by equipment similar to that used in other forms of radio.
7. These projects have not been put into effect yet.
VIII. Выявите различия в функциях выделенных слов, выделите указательные местоимения, назовите их признаки. Предложения переведите.
1. The word semiconductor means rather generally a material which has electrical conductivity half-way between that of a metallic conductor, and that of an insulator.
2. The transistor consists of an emitter that supplies electrons, a collector that collects the electrons, and a base that controls the flow of electrons.
3. Research in these fields has led to the development of transistors, ICs, lasers and optical fibres. These in turns have made it possible to manufacture a wide array of electronic products.
4. These new phones have a small crystal screen that can display the telephone number that is being called, the number of an incoming call, or a short text message.
5. Other types of cellular telephones have a variety of functions that include a memory for frequently called numbers and a lock to deter theft.
6. This is their car. That car is theirs, too.
8. This method of accessing information is called associative access, and scientists believe it bears a striking resemblance to the way the human brain accesses stored information.
9. These objects, called applets (from a small application, another name for computer program), follow a set of instructions written by the person that programmed the applet.
Форма притяжательного/родительного падежа существительного (в значении принадлежности) в функции определения.
*He reads newspapers of his chief.
*He reads his chief's newspapers.
| a) my son’s book Russia’s export a child’s voice the butcher’s (shop) | книга моего сына (чья?) экспорт России голос ребенка магазин мясника |
| b) the children’s room the students hostel the Smiths’ car | комната детей общежитие студентов машина Смитов |
| c) my brother-in-law’s guitar | гитара брата моей жены |
Но: I took the advice of a couple l met on the train and hired a car.
IX. Найдите сходство и различие выделенных слов и дайте их русские эквиваленты.
1.a)Today’s computers are marvels of miniaturization.
b) Address is a code that indicates the location of data in a computer’s internal memory.
c) An atomic clock computes ranges from these three signals.
d) A virus consists of a set of instructions that attaches itself to other computer programs, usually in the computer’s operating system, and becomes part of them.
2. a) Components known as input devices let users enter commands, data, or programs for processing by the CPU.
b)Future programs promise to adapt themselves to their user’s personality and work habits.
c) A program called a Web browser runs on users’ PCs and workstations and allows them to view and interact with these pages.
d) The user supplies input to the system by pushing buttons or moving a yoke or joystick, and the computer uses real-world data to determine the results of those actions.
X. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос: “Does a POP protocol allow the user to download one message at a time? ”