How many muscles do the birds have? What muscles can you name? 65 Muscular system

The supracoracoideus works using a pulley like system to lift the wing while the pectorals provide the powerful downstroke

Most birds have approximately 175 different muscles, mainly controlling the wings, skin, and legs. The largest muscles in the bird are the pectorals, or the breast muscles, which control the wings and make up about 15 - 25% of a flighted bird's body weight. They provide the powerful wing stroke essential for flight. The muscle medial (underneath) to the pectorals is the supracoracoideus. It raises the wing between wingbeats. Both muscle groups attach to the keel of the sternum. This is remarkable, because other vertebrates have the muscles to raise the upper limbs generally attached to areas on the back of the spine. The supracoracoideus and the pectorals together make up about 25 – 35% of the bird's full body weight

The skin muscles help a bird in its flight by adjusting the feathers, which are attached to the skin muscle and help the bird in its flight maneuvers.

There are only a few muscles in the trunk and the tail, but they are very strong and are essential for the bird. The pygostyle controls all the movement in the tail and controls the feathers in the tail. This gives the tail a larger surface area which helps keep the bird in the air.

How many muscles do the cats have? What muscles can you name? 75 This muscle's origin is the lumbodorsal fascia and ribs. Its insertion is at the pubis and linea alba (via aponeurosis), and its action is the compression of abdominal contents. It also laterally flexes and rotates the vertebral column.

Transversus Abdominis [edit]

This muscle is the innermost abdominal muscle. Its origin is the second sheet of the lumbodorsal fascia and the pelvic girdle and its insertion is the linea alba. Its action is the compression of the abdomen.

Rectus Abdominis [edit]

To see this muscle, first remove the extensive aponeurosis situated on the ventral surface of the cat. Its fibers are extremely longitudinal, on each side of the linea alba. It is also traversed by the inscriptiones tendinae, or what others called myosepta.

Deltoid [edit]

The deltoid muscles lie just lateral to the trapezius muscles, originating from several fibers spanning the clavicle and scapula, converging to insert at the humerus. Anatomically, there are only two deltoids in the cat, the acromiodeltoid and the spinodeltoid. However, to conform to human anatomy standards, the clavobrachialis is now also considered a deltoid and is commonly referred to as the clavodeltoid.

How many parts does the systematic anatomy consist of? 14 The approach of systematic anatomy is to divide the organism artificially into parts using the analytical method. The divisions of systematic anatomy are:

1) Osteology (Osteologia), the description of the skeleton;

2) Arthrology (Arlhrologia), the description of the joints;

3) Myology (Myologia); the description of the muscles and accessory structures;

4) Splanchnology (Splanchnologia), the description of the viscera. It includes the following subdivisions:

4.1) Digestive system (Apparatus digestorius);

4.2) Respiratory system (Apparatus respiratorius);

4.3) Urogenital system (Apparatus urogenitalis):

5) Angiology, the description of the organs of circulation;

6) Neurology, the description of the Nervous system;

7) Aesthesiology, the description of the sense organs and common integument.

How many stages of the disease do the animals have? 167 Rabies is infectious to mammals; three stages are recognized. The first stage is a one- to three-day period characterized by behavioral changes and is known as the prodromal stage. The second is the excitative stage, which lasts three to four days. This stage is often known as " furious rabies" for the tendency of the affected animal to be hyper-reactive to external stimuli and bite at anything near. The third is the paralytic stage and is caused by damage to motor neurons. Incoordination is seen, owing to rear limb paralysis, and drooling and difficulty swallowing is caused by paralysis of facial and throat muscles. Death is usually caused by respiratory arrest

How many stomachs do the birds have? 62 Small Intestine

Birds have a small intestine that seems very similar to the small intestine of mammals. A duodenum, jejunum and ileum are defined, although these segments are not as histologically distinct as in mammals. The proximal small intestine receives bile from the liver and digestive enzymes from the pancreas, and the absorptive epithelial cells are decorated with essentially the same battery of enzymes and transporters as in mammals.Large Intestine.The large intestine consists of a short colon and, typically, a pair of ceca. Short villi extend into the lumen of the colon, unlike what is seen in mammals. The cloaca is an expanded, tubular structure that serves as the common opening of the digestive, reproductive and urinary systems, which opens to the outside of the bird as the vent.

As in mammals, the large intestine's primary function is absorption of water and electrolytes. Antiperistalsis that originates in the cloaca is a prominent pattern of motility in the avian colon and has been suggested to assist not only in filling the ceca, but to flush urine from the cloaca into the large gut for absorption of water. In some birds, the ceca appear dispensible and can be removed without apparent harm. In other species, the ceca are important sites for fermentation, and the volatile fatty acids generated from microbial digestion of cellulose contributes significantly to energy demands.

How many teeth has the horse got? 89 A fully developed horse of around five years of age have between 36 and 44 teeth.

How many teeth have the sheep got? 103 Sheep has 20 teeth, mature sheep have 32 teeth.

How many years does breeding stock live? 114 ответ: когда как)

How quickly does the disease spread? 128 The infection mostly often occurs when sick animals contact with healthy ones.

How should the sick animals be kept? 131 It's obligatory to quarantine all the new coming animals to the farm, to keep animals in accordance with veterinary-sanitary norms, to organize full highly-qualified feeding.

In what cavity is the heart situated? 45 In thoracic cavity

Is the abdomen located in the anterior cavity? 43 No, abdomen located in the posterior cavity

What animals can get sick by yersiniosis? 141 Yersinia can infect any ruminants but most commonly affects young cattle and deer.

What animals suffer from anthrax? 172Anthrax most commonly occurs in wild and domestic ruminants. Anthrax infection is extremely rare in common domestic pets (dogs and cats). Anthrax is rare in humans although it occasionally occurs in ruminants such as cattle, sheep, goats, camels, and antelopes. Bacillus anthracis bacteria are soilborne.

What are capillaries? 50 From the arteries to the vein within the body, the blood travels through very fine-walled vessels termed capillaries.