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Consonant drillsСтр 1 из 9Следующая ⇒
[p, b] Definition. [p, b] are occlusive, plosive, bilabial; [p] is strong and voiceless, [b] is weak and voiced, in final position it is partly devoiced.
Articulation. 1. The lips are firmly kept together. 2. The soft palate is raised and the air coming into the mouth stops for some time and then breaks the obstruction with a slight explosion. 3. The vocal cords do not vibrate when [p] is produced. For [b] they are tense kept together and vibrate when [b] occurs before vowels or in intervocalic positions, eg begin, rubber. 4. The breath effort is very strong for [p], for [b] it is weak.
Recommendations. 1. Press your lips together and push the air through the mouth breaking the obstruction made by the lips. 2. Make the sound [p] strong and aspirated. It means there is a little puff of breath, i.e. a slight [h] sound just after the explosion, eg [phei]
Allophones. The partially devoiced weak [ b] occurs in word final positions, eg cab, rib. Possible Mistakes. 1. Russian learners of English often replace the English [p, b] by the Russian [п, б]. This is a phonetic mistake. To avoid it the lips for the English consonants should be pressed together more energetically. When [p] is pronounced care should be taken to make it strong and aspirated. 2. Russian students can easily palatalize [p, b] before front or mixed close and mid-open vowels. This is also a phonetic mistake. One must be careful to raise the front part of the tongue to the hard palate only after the articulation of [p, b] is accomplished. 3. If Russians fully voice [b] in word final positions they should take care to make the sound rather weak. The mistake is phonetic. 4. To avoid the complete devoicing of the final [b] (a phonological mistake) care should be taken to make the sound partially voiced but still rather weak. Word contrast practice is very useful here to show the difference in meaning: rip — rib, cap — cab, rope — robe, tap — tab [p] Pretty Pamela Parker picked pink petunia posies. (1)
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers? If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, Where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked? (2)
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. At present you can't marry a peasant however pleasant the peasant may be. (4) Picky people pick Peter Pan Peanut Butter. [b] Billy’s big blue badly bleeding blister. (6)
The big bad baby brought the bought black blanket back (7)
Beautiful babbling brooks bubble between blossoming banks (8)
Billy Bolton buttoned his bright brown boots and blue coat before breakfast began.(9)
Our black bull bled black blood on our blackthorn flower. (10)
Bring back bright brand-new British brushes from breezy Bridlington. (11)
The busy bee buzzed busily around the busy beehive. (12) A Box of Biscuits There were two bootblacks, a white bootblack and a black bootblack
I was barbarously barbarized By the barbarity of a barbarian barber In a barber’s barbarizing shop. (15)
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