III рівень

IV. Дайте відповіді на наступні запитання:

1. When was Vasyl Stus born?

2. Where did he spend his childhood?

3. When did he die?

4. What college did he graduate from?

5. Why was he expelled from the Institute of Literature?

6. When did he start publishing?

7. What were his first collections of poetry?

8. What themes does Stus' prison poetry explore?

Самостійна робота № 23

Тема: Національні символи України.

Основні питання, що розглядаються:

1. Український прапор. Національні кольори України.

2. Національні емблеми. Тризуб в історії України.

Література:

1. Ярцева А.В. Английский язык. Устные темы для учащихся 6-11 классов и абитуриентов. – Харьков: «Ранок», 1999. – 37с.

2. Мясоедова С.В. Английский язик. Разговорные темы. – Харьков: «Мир детства», 1998. – 15с.

3. Гужва Т.Н. Английские разговорные темы: для абитуриентов и учащихся средних школ, лицеве и колледжей. 3-е издание, испр. и доп. – Киев: Тандем, 1999. – 140с.

Студент повинен знати:

1. Історію виникнення національного гербу.

2. Створення прапору України. Національні кольори.

3. Лексичний мінімум.

Студент повинен вміти: розповісти про національні символи України.

THE NATIONAL SYMBOLS

The Constitution states that the national symbols of Ukraine shall be the National Flag, the National Emblem and the National Anthem.

The Ukrainian flag consists of two horizontal stripes of equal width. The top is blue, the bottom is yellow. Blue and yellow, the colours of the sky, mountains, streams and golden fields had symbolized Kyivan Rus' long before the introduc­tion of Christianity. With the acceptance of Christianity, blue and gold were incorporated into church symbolism. Af­ter the Mongol-Tatar invasion, in the 1200s, the use of blue and gold was interrupted to be revived again in church orna­ments and city chrests some time later. The emblem of the city of Myrhorod, for example, was a gold trident over a blue background. Another city, Pryluky, used the head of an ox in gold over a blue background as its insignia. And in Lubny the city emblem pictured a hand holding a golden mace over a blue background. The banners of the Cossacks (17th century) were blue with gold stars, a gold cross or with pictures of saints rendered in gold.

The National Emblem is a trident. The first image of a tri­dent appeared in the 9th century A.D. When Ihor, Prince of Kyivan Rus' from 912 to 945 A.D., sent ambassadors to sign a treaty with the Byzantine emperor, they sealed the docu­ment with a trident. As the official emblem of the Kyivan princes, the trident was stamped on coins and seals; it was depicted on porcelain and in frescos. It is thought that the trident represented the division of the.world into three spheres: the earthly, the celestial and the spiritual — as well as the union of the three natural elements: air, water and earth. The trident was endorsed as the National Emblem of Ukraine, and the blue and yellow flag — as the National Flag of Ukraine — by the Supreme Rada in 1992.

The lyrics to the anthem of Ukraine were written by Pavlo Chubynsky — a scientist and poet — in 1862. The music was composed by M. Verbytsky.