Home assignments. 1. 1. Сгруппируйте (письменно) слова по частям речи и подчер­кните в них суффиксы:

1. 1. Сгруппируйте (письменно) слова по частям речи и подчер­кните в них суффиксы:

various, severity, hospitalize, doubtful, radiation, favourable, sensitive, in­cidence, measure, disturbance, frequently, slightly, duration, characterize, im­provement, eliminate, rupture

2. Сгруппируйте (письменно) однокоренные слова:

dilate, disturb, eliminate, unit, different, dilated, union, eliminated, differ, recurrence, dilatation, disturbance, elimination, unite, recur, difference, undilated, unity, disturbing

II. Прочитайте сообщения и запомните факты, о которых в них говорится:

Do you know that

1. at rest the blood makes a complete circle in our body within 20-25 sec­onds? 2. within 70 years of life the human heart contracts about 2.5 milliard times and pumps 145 million litres of blood? 3. at rest the human heart pumps 4 litres of blood per minute but on great physical exertion 40 litres? 4. the man can live without water for 10 days and without food for more than a month?

III. Запомните чтение следующих слов и переведите их: academician [ajcasda'mifn], coronary [Ъэгэпэп], defect [di'fekt], bio­chemical fbai3(u)'kemik(3)l], manipulation [m3_/nipju^/leif(3)n], interval ['mt3v(3)l], characterize ['kaenktaraiz], hypothermia [, Ьа1рэ(и)'9з: гп1э]

IV. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания: suffer f'sAfo] (from) v страдать; переносить congenital [kan'd3enitl] а врожденный

besides [bi'saidz] adv кроме того; prp кроме

failure ['feilja] n остановка; повреждение; нарушение

heart failure внезапная остановка сердечной деятельности (паралич

сердца, остановка сердца)

fibrillation [, faibn'leijh] n трепетание, фибрилляция arrest [a'rest] п остановка, задержка; прекращение; v задерживать,

(при)останавливать

damage ['dӘ emid3] n повреждение, поражение; v повреждать result [n'zAlt] in v заканчиваться, приводить к чему-л.; result from про­исходить в результате, быть следствием danger ['demd39] n опасность exclude [iks'klu: d] v исключать bandage f'bsendid3] v перевязывать; п повязка incision [m'si3n] n разрез

V. Прочитайте и переведите следующие слова и словосочетания:

1. congenital [k9n'd3enitl]: congenital disease, congenital heart defect, to suffer from a congenital heart defect

2. failure ['feilj э]: heart failure, cardiac failure, to reveal heart failure, to prevent the development of heart failure

3. result [n'zAlt]: to result in the impairment of heart function, the inflam­mation resulted from infection

VI. Выучите следующие слова и словосочетания, обращая вни­мание на предлоги:

in the presence of, to result in, to result from, to suffer from, to be operated on for smth, to be preceded by, a damage to some organ, because of a bad state, within a certain period of time

VII. Составьте вопросы к данным ответам:

1. Yes, there are about ten main kinds of congenital heart defects which can be treated both therapeutically and surgically. 2. Yes, heart defects result in the impairment of heart functions and the changes in its anatomical structure. 3. Yes, heart failure may occur during the operation on the heart.

VIII. 1. Прочитайте текст Е. 2. Найдите и переведите предложения а) с усилительной конструкцией 'it is... that'; б) с глаголом в одном из времен группы Perfect Continuous; в) с местоимениями в качестве за­менителей существительных. 3. Выпишите английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

при наличии этих нарушений, порок сердца, выявление сердечных шумов

4. Напишите аннотацию к этому тексту: Text E. Cardiosurgery

Cardiosurgery has been developing successfully in our country. The begin­ning of its development was marked by the first operation on the" heart per­formed by Academician Bakulev. It is due to the work of such prominent sur­geons as Vishnevsky, Meshalkin, Petrovsky, Amosov, and others that great progress has been achieved in cardiosurgery. The lives of many thousands of people suffering from cardiac diseases and from those of coronary vessels have been already saved.

The operations on the heart are performed to eliminate the existing heart defects, congenital or developed, and to restore the normal function of the heart.

The operation on the heart is preceded by various examinations, which enable the surgeon to make a correct diagnosis. The most important ones are listening to the heart, its X-ray examination, electrocardiograms, the revealing of heart mur­murs, and clinical and biochemical blood analyses. Only having made an exact diagnosis and having come to the conclusion that the therapeutic measures have been ineffective the surgeon can perform the operation on the heart.

The operations on the heart are very difficult to perform because of the intricate (сложный) anatomical structure of the heart and because the heart constantly contracts.

Some operations are performed on the contracting heart, but such opera­tions give the surgeon only a very short period of time for his surgical manipu­lations. Besides in such cases there is always the danger of the impairment of cardiac functions such as heart failure, fibrillation and others. In the presence of these impairments complete or partial arrest of blood circulation develops.

Such intervals of blood circulation result in the damage to some organs, for example, the brain can live without blood supply only four-five minutes; if the interval is longer the brain cells die.