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FIRING EXERCISES ON … IN AREA … BOUNDED BY … …

MISSILE LAUNCHING EXERCISES IN AREA …

DIFFICULT TOW FROM … TO …

DRILL BEING TOWED BETWEEN POS. … AND … - WIDE BERTH REQUESTED

Examples of a Safety VHF Communication:

Example 1

Securite, securite, securite. All stations, all stations, all stations. This Cherbourg Traffic for traffic information. A group of white boxes is reported in position about 7 miles SE of Echo Charlie two. Wide berth requested For all information please contact Cherbourg Traffic. Cherbourg Traffic watching on channel 16 and 11. From Cherbourg Traffic, Out.

Example 2

Securite, securite, securite. All ships, all ships, all ships. This is Jersey Radio, Jersey Radio. Weather forecast followed by two navigational warnings. The weather forecast for the channel in this area for the period fourteen hundred throughout two hundred GMT. The weather: Warning. Mist and fog in the south at first. Otherwise fair with the risk of isolated showers. Visibility poor or very poor in the south at first. Otherwise moderate to good. Wind Ne force 4 to 5, increasing force 6 with gusts to 45 knots. Open sea becoming rather rough. Further Outlook. 02 hundred to 14 hundred GMT of tomorrow. Weather fair, wind NE, force 6, increasing force 7, with gusts to 40 knots. General situation at 0-9 hundred hours. High, one-zero-three-five mb to the west of Scotland, expected to drift NE and intensify, as low 1009 mb over Spain remains slow moving. Observations taken at 12 hundred hours: Jersey: north 2, three NM, haze, 1020 raising. Albany: NE 5, one and a half NM, haze, no pressure, (… etc.) That’s the end of observations. I’ll repeat the forecast for the period 14 hundred hours to 0-2 hundred GMT. (Forecast repeated). That’s the end of the weather bulletin. The next weather bulletin is at 18.45 GMT. 1-8-4-5 GM. Now, here are two navigational warnings. The first one: Jersey, south-west approaches to South Xavier – Black Rock beacon demolished. Temporary red buoy, flash red 1.5 seconds, established 1-6-0 degrees by 0.1 mile from Elisabeth Castle Breakwater head. Breakwater head. Date: 2-6-17-0-0 of February. The second navigational warning is for Jersey south coast. Demie Depas lighthouse, that’s D-E-M-I-E; D-E-P-A-S lighthouse, right on in operation. Time 231030 GMT of January. That’s the end of this broadcast, This is Jersey Radio listening on 2182 kHz, channel 16.

Example of MetWarn/Fore Safety Call: (printed in GMDSS or broadcast on a VHF working channel):

LES 121 - MSG 1423 - MetWarn/Fore Safety Call to Area: 2 - NoPos LES21 FRANCE TELECOM 20819632005807 23-JAN-1999 08: 54: 45 722046SECURITE MARINE WEATHER BULLETIN ON METAREA 2, ISSUED BY METEO FRANCE, TOULOUSE, SATURDAY 23 JANUARY 1999 AT 0900UTC. WIND SPEED IN BEAUFORT SCALE PART 1: STORM WARNING: NR 48 PART 2: GENERAL SYNOPSIS, SATURDAY 23 JANUARY 1999 AT 0000UTC THUNDERY LOW 1016 NEAR CAPE OF GIGRALTAR DRIFTING TOWARDS NORTHEAST OF ALGERIA. LOW 984 BETWEEN GREENLAND AND ICELAND STATIONNARY. ASSOCIATED WAVING FRONTAL TROUGH FROM WEST OF IRELAND TO 30N50W SLOWLY MOVING EASTWARDS WITH A LOW EXPECTED 999 BY 49N16W AT 24/12UTC. HIGH 1032 SOUTH OF AZORES SLOWLY MOVING EAST AND WEAKENING. ITCZ ALONG 03N01W 03N29W 05N44W 05N53W. PART 3: AREA FORECASTS TO SUNDAY 24 JANUARY AT 12UTC SMALL SOLE: IN NORTHWEST: SOUTHWEST 6 OR 7, LOCALLY 8 IN FAR NORTHWEST AT FIRST DECREASING 5 OR 6 AT SOON, BECOMING VARIABLE 3 OR 4 LATER, THEN SOUTHERLY 5 TO 7 AT THE END. ROUGH TO VERY ROUGH. RAIN OR DRIZZLE BY TIMES. TEMPORARILY POOR VIS IN RAIN. IN SOUTHEAST: SOUTH OR SOUTHWEST 4 TO 6 TEMPORARILLY 7 TOMORROW MORNING. MODERATE BECOMING ROUGH. RAIN AND DRIZZLE TEMPORARILY POOR VIS IN RAIN. WEST PORTUGAL: NORTHERLY 3 OR 4 GRADUALLY BECOMING VARIABLE 2 TO 4 BY NORTH AT SOON, THEN SOUTHERLY LATER, INCREASING 4 OR 5 IN NORTH. ROUGH OR MODERATE. RAIN AND DRIZZLE IN NORTH. LOCALLY POOR VIS IN RAIN. GIBRALTAR: IN NORTH: NORTHERLY 3 OR 4, BUT VARIABLE 2 OR 3 IN EAST, GRADUALLY BECOMING EASTERLY OVERNIGHT. ROUGH WITH WESTERLY SWELL ABATING. SHOWERS, THUNDERSQUALLS WITH GUSTS IN EAST SLOWLY CLEARING. LOCALLY POOR VIS IN SQUALLS. IN SOUTH: NORTHERLY 3 OR 4. ROUGH WITH WESTERLY SWELL ABATING. SHOWERS. MODERATE VIS. PART 4: FURTHER OUTLOOKS SOUTHWEST NEAR GALE OR GALE IN BAY OF BISCAY, EXEPTED FAR SOUTHEAST FROM SUNDAY EVENING. ELSEWHERE, NO DANGEROUS PHENOMENON EXPECTED.

4. (Part 4) SEARCH AND RESCUE COMMUNICATIONS

The language and phrases to be used in Search and Rescue communications are laid down in IMO SMCP 2001 on the basis of IAMSAR Manual issued by IMO (formerly MERSAR 1993).

The basic concepts and terms used in SAR can be studied from the text below (Source: Canadian Coastguard: www.ccg-gcc.gc.ca)

4.1

Rescue Co-ordination Centres and Maritime Rescue Sub-Centres The Canadian Coast Guard jointly staffs three Rescue Coordination Centres (RCCs) with the Canadian Forces. The RCCs are located at Victoria, British Columbia, Trenton, Ontario, and Halifax, Nova Scotia. The Canadian Coast Guard also operates two Maritime Rescue Sub-Centres (MRSCs) at Quebec City, Quebec, and St. John’s, Newfoundland. The function of a MRSC is to reduce the RCC’s workload in areas of high marine activity. These centres are staffed by SAR Co-ordinators who operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week, year round. The marine area for which the Canadian RCCs/MRSCs are collectively responsible for is more than 5.3 million square kilometres. The RCCs/MRSCs are responsible for the planning, co-ordination, conduct and control of SAR operations. RCCs/MRSCs have highly trained staff, detailed operational plans and an effective communications system. Once an RCC/MRSC is notified that a person(s) is in danger, the SAR Co-ordinator begins to organize the rescue. All available information about the person(s) in danger is gathered and recorded and the positions of potential assisting resources in the area of the incident are determined. SAR Co-ordinators are trained to evaluate various situations and send the most effective resources to deal with a particular incident. In complex and major incidents, many resources are often sent or tasked to assist. On-Scene Co-ordinator In large searches involving many resources, an On-Scene Co-ordinator (OSC) for the incident may be chosen by the SAR Co-ordinator. The OSC is the local contact for the SAR Co-ordinator. The OSC gives direction to the resources involved on where and how to search and regularly reports progress. The OSC is usually the Commanding Officer of a government vessel with an experienced crew. Rescue Alerting, Detection and Communications Visual, audible and electronic methods are used by vessels to indicate distress. Visual methods include items such as distress flares and international signal flags. Audible methods include whistles and horns. Electronic methods include radios and beacons. The following are a few highlights. Global Maritime Distress and Safety System The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) comes into effect on 1 February 1999. GMDSS is a digital electronic communications system which sends distress and safety information. It applies to vessels over 300 Gross Registered Tons and all international passenger vessels. GMDSS divides the world into four types of communications coverage (Sea Areas A1 to A4), which determine the appropriate terrestrial or satellite means of communication to use. Canada is currently determining what type of Sea Areas it will provide. COSPAS/SARSAT COSPAS/SARSAT is an international SAR satellite system used to detect and locate signals from distress beacons. Four founding nations, Canada, United States, France, and Russia (formerly USSR) created the COSPAS/SARSAT system. Since inception many other nations have joined. Satellites were first launched in 1982 and 1983, with the first three lives saved during experimental testing of the system. These three people were Canadians involved in an airplane crash in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia. Since then thousands of lives have been saved using this system. Beacons Beacons use radios signals to indicate distress. Each unit has a built-in transmitter and batteries. Two main beacon types interest the Coast Guard: an Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT), designed for aircraft and an Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB), designed for vessels. Both transmit a radio signal when activated. Unlike most ELTs, EPIRBs transmit a coded message that indicates the identity of the beacon in use. The owner of an EPIRB is required to register the beacon with the Canadian Coast Guard. Details such as the owner’s name and a description of the vessel are recorded on a computer database. This allows the RCC/MRSC Co-ordinator to look up vital information contained in the EPIRB registry to assist in any rescue. Both ELTs and EPIRBs are detected by COSPAS/SARSAT satellites when activated. A third type of beacon, which operates through the satellites for use on land, is the Personal Locator Beacon class. Marine Communications and Traffic Services Marine Communications and Traffic Services (MCTS) is the Branch of the Canadian Coast Guard that provides communications and vessel traffic services to the sea-going public. MCTS monitors for distress radio signals; provides the communications link between vessels in distress and the RCC/MRSC; sends safety information; handles public communication; and, regulates the flow of vessel traffic in some areas. MCTS is an important link in the SAR system.

For any SAR incident, the standard VHF communications procedures (as set out in SMCP 2001) are followed. This includes Marine Information broadcasts, Maydays, and Mayday relays. Vessels are required to maintain a continuous radio watch on channel 16 oe any frequencies allotted b ythe controlling station (authority) during a search.

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