Canned meat production

LUBRICATION SYSTEM

Details crank timing mechanisms and movable relative to each other. This prevents movement of the friction force, the magnitude of which depends on the relative speed of movement, specific pressure parts one to the other and from the precision machining of the rubbing surfaces. To overcome the friction forces useless consumed power of the engine. In addition, fouling of components causes their heating. Excessive heating will reduce the gaps between the parts so that the item will no longer be moved, ie, jammed.

One of the most effective ways to reduce friction is to enter the lubrication layer between the friction surfaces. The lubricant adhering to the surface, creating a solid film on it, which parts separated replaces dry friction lubrication between the friction between the particles. Since the engine running, the oil circulates continuously, it simultaneously cools the friction parts and carries the solid particles formed as a result of wear. In addition, details, oil lubricated is less exposed to corrosion, and the gaps between them substantially sealed.

In modern lubrication systems, in addition to the above shall be borne also control functions. Engine oil works in the lash of thermal backlashes of valves, gidronatyazhitelyah timing, variable valve timing systems.

The oil supply to the friction surfaces must be smooth. In case of insufficient oil supply is lost engine power, increased wear and as a result of their heating possible melting of bearing seizing pistons and engine stop. Excess oil supply leads to its penetration into the combustion chamber, which increases the deposition of soot and worsen working conditions of the spark plugs.

CANNED MEAT PRODUCTION

Canned meat - a hermetically closed and sterilized meat products, arranged in a tin or glass jars and are intended for long-term storage.

Canned meat production scheme consists of the following operations: preparation of raw materials and packaging, portioning, vacuuming, seaming cans, jars check for leaks, sterilization, thermostatic heating cans and labeling.

Preparation of raw materials and packaging is as follows. After cutting and deboning it is cut into pieces weighing 50-70 grams or less. For some types of canned meat blanch, ie briefly boiled in a little water. If the provided recipe, the resulting concentrated broth is poured into the meat banks. For certain types of canned meat are fried in fat.

In the treatment of offal (kidney, salted languages) of soaked, remove excess fat and connective tissue, blood vessels, tendons, bile ducts, and others. When using a vegetable raw materials it is sorted, washed, soaked, blanched or boiled and cooled.

Empty cans tested for tightness dry or wet on special machines, washed with hot water and sterilized by steaming.

Portioning machines produce on-dispensers. It comprises the following operations: laying a dense banks components (salt, spices, fat raw meat and in meat and cereal - vegetable raw materials); pouring liquid components (soup or sauce); weighing and canned seal.

When vacuuming operation of the filled tin the air is removed, and the cans heated to a temperature of 95... 80 ° C.

Filled cans roll (sealed), then mark. Check for leaks exposed to all banks (excluding rolled on the vacuum-sealing machines), by immersing them for 1-2 minutes in boiling water (+85 ° C).

№25 НҰ СҚ А/ВАРИАНТ

2 Climate change and water scarcity will have a big impact on the food and beverage industry in Asia, due mainly to the changes in growing conditions for key agricultural inputs. That's the primary finding of WRI's forthcoming report: Weeding Risk, due out in October.

The current drought in India could be a harbinger of things to come. A 2 month long drought has afflicted almost half the country during this summer's rainy (monsoon) season. The monsoon rains that are critical for crops such as rice, soybeans, and sugarcane, are 85% below normal. As a result, India's sugar crop in 2008 was 45% lower than the previous year, and this year's crop is expected to be the same or worse.

Overall food prices in India have risen 10%, owing largely to the drought. And global sugar prices have reached a 28-year high, in part because of lower production in India (India is the 2nd-largest sugar producer, in part because of growing demand for ethanol. Climate change's impact on precipitation patterns is predicted to make droughts such as this year's more common and prolonged than in the past.

What does this mean for investors in the food and beverage industry? WRI's forthcoming Weeding Risk report attempts to answer those questions by examining the impact that climate change and water scarcity would have on key sub sectors, including aquaculture, dairy, poultry, tea, sugar, starch and confectionery and edible oils.

The report's main findings are that climate change and water scarcity can have the following impacts on the sector:

· Raise agricultural commodity prices and increase price volatility by decreasing yields.

· Increase processing costs through operational disruptions and treatment costs.

· Create food safety challenges and conflicts with local communities over resource use

Leading F& B companies will find ways to build corporate and supply chain resilience to potential risks. Companies that understand the risks they are facing, and are actively building their resilience to the impacts, are better long term investments.

The forthcoming Weeding Risk report is being produced in partnership between WRI, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and HSBC Bank.