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Reading 2






THE ASSEMBLY LINE

Henry Ford was a car builder. He was not the first to have the idea of the horseless coach. The Germans Daimler and Benz had invented it, but he was the first to use the assembly line for mass production. His Model-T car was the first to be produced on the assembly line. The new system cut the time in which the car was put together from 14 hours to 1 hour and 33 minutes. Eventually the price of the car fell from $1, 200 to $295. The car lacked certain luxuries; still, it could be relied on and did not need much looking after. Soon, the Model-T became the people's car. After nineteen years, when the Model-T became obsolete and sales dropped sharply - for other car manufacturers, copying Ford's assembly line system, were able to bring down the costs of much more attractive cars - Ford developed the new Model-A. It, too, was the most inexpensive car on the market. Today there are hardly any factories to be found where Ford'sassembly line system is not being utilized for mass production.

EXERCISE 1: Find words or phrases in the passage which mean the same as:

COLUMN A COLUMN B

a) four-wheeled covered vehicle pulled by horses

b) arrangement of workers and machines where each worker completes only one

part of the production and then passes it along to another for the next stage

c) the making of something in large quantities

d) in the end; after a time

e) not have; be without

f) no longer used; out-of-date

g) quickly and to a great degree

h) person or company that makes things in factories in large quantities

i) make use of

EXERCISE 2: Choose the correct answer according to the passage.

1. Ford's assembly line system

A) was invented by the Germans Daimler and Benz

B) was reliable and did not need much maintenance

C) is used in almost every factory today

D) became obsolete after nineteen years

E) could put a car together in twelve hours and twenty-seven minutes

 

2. Henry Ford

A) went bankrupt when sales of his Model-T dropped

B) introduced the system of mass production on an assembly line

C) made profits of only $295 on his first mass-produced car

D) produced the Model-T, which was the first car ever to be built

E) worked in partnership with Daimler and Benz

 

3. Ford had to cease the production of the Model-T because

A) manufacturing costs had risen to over $1, 000

B) he-could not compete with the mass production methods of Daimler and Benz

C) the Model-A was being sold at a much lower price

D) other manufacturers had copied its design

E) the price of more luxurious cars had dropped

 


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