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Crossword
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ACROSS:
1. What Japanese people eat with (10)?
6. Green vegetables found in pods (4)
8. Skin of an orange or a potato (4)
9. Thick slice of pork or lamb with a bone in it (4)
11. Not well-done (4)
12. American maize (4)
13. Cook without water (5)
16. Used for carving (5)
17. Flesh of a pig (4)
20. Part of a recipe such as flour, eggs, etc. (10)
21. Flesh of a bull (4)
DOWN:
1. Pots, plates, cups made of baked clay (8)
2. An eye-watering vegetable (5)
3. To drink, taking a very small quantity at a time (3)
4. Favourite dessert of children (8)
5. Deep metal cooking pot with a lid and a handle (8)
6. Made of pastry with apples or meat (3)
7. An item of cutlery (5)
10. Main ingredient of all soups (5)
12. The main cook (4)
14. Fruit popular in Poland (5)
15. Rub cheese into small pieces (5)
18. Young goat (3)
19. Hard or soft boiled (3)
The Participle
| The Participle is a non-finite form of the verb which has a verbal, an adjectival and an adverbial character. | ||
| 1. There are two types of Participles In English: Participle I (or the Present Participle) and Participle II (or the Past Participle). The difference between them lies not in time distinction, as it may seem judging by the traditional names applied to them, but rather in voice distinctions, Participle I being anactive form and Participle II – a passive one. | ||
| · Children needing medical attention were examined by the doctor. · Medical attention needed by children was paid to them in time. | ||
| 2. Participle I is formed by adding the suffix - ing to the stem of the verb, and Participle II – by adding the suffix - ed to the stem of the regular verbs, while the irregular verbs have special forms of Participle II. | ||
| · a boy whistling a popular melody · a popular melody whistled by a boy | · students writing a test · the test written by students |
The Forms of the Participle
| In modern English Participle I has four forms. Each form has its meaning. | ||
| Forms of the Participle | ||
| Active | Passive | |
| Indefinite | Ving | being + Ved / V3 |
| Perfect | having + Ved / V3 | having been + Ved / V3 |
| The Indefinite Active and Passive forms | express an action or a state simultaneous with that expressed by the finite verb, so it may refer to the present, past or future | · Holding the rope with one hand, he stretches. · Holding the rope with one hand, he stretched. · Holding the rope with one hand, he will stretch. |
| The Perfect Active and Passive forms | denote an action or a state prior to the action expressed by the finite verb | · Having failed twice, he didn’t want to try again. · The instructionshaving been read, the workersbegan to assembleaturbine. |