Table 2

Table 3 to be + 3^rd form of the verb

Exercise 1. Choose the forms which can be used as the predicate.

1) are given much attention 11) is becoming important

2) being used 12) should be read

3) to be traded directly 13) adopted by the company

4) having been given 14) need some food

5) have been applied 15) attempts to become partners

6) can be paid 16) written by me

7) is developing 17) has been trying to apply

8) is referred to 18) problems to be solved

9) the wants 19) will be talked about

10) were produced 20) are being built

Exercise 2 Translate the following sentences into the Russian language.

1. Economics is ‘not a gay science’, wrote Thomas Carlyle in 1849. No, it is ‘a dreary, desolate, and indeed quite abject and distressing one; what we might call, by way of eminence, the dismal science.

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2. The economists of past days took their cue from Bentham and his ‘utilitarian’ philosophy. They calculated happiness, or utility, as the sum of good feelings minus bad, and argued that the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain were the sole springs of human action.

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3. Although intelligence has been studied, and the brain has been studied as well, there is little understanding of how the brain works to produce intelligence.

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4. People with mental problems have often been treated extremely badly.

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5.Most of our mental processes are deeply formed habits. Challenging your brain to do things differently helps it develop,

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5. The coming year will see a dramatic escalation of the war for talent.

A growing number of companies have been complaining that they are finding it harder to recruit people.

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6. Companies that want to avoid being sideswiped by demographic reality need

to start dealing with these problems immediately.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7. More and more people want to get away from what they call the retrace or

the treadmill, the feeling that work is too competitive, and are looking for

lifestyles that are less stressful or completely unstressful.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8.Over the past few decades, electronic computer technology has made

enormous strides. Moreover, there can be little doubt that in decades to follow

there will be further great advances in speed, capacity and logical design.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………9. The question of whether a mechanical device could ever be said to think -

perhaps even to experience feelings, or to have a mind- is not really a new one.

……………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. Rising costs and the worldwide spread of shared tastes in car styling have

prompted the industry’s giants to exploit global economies of scale. But

rivals such as Ford and Honda have approached the task differently.

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11. Our unserious side is being taken seriously by doctors. Laughing helps you

fight illness – and gets you fit. But how it works is still being puzzled out.

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13. Programming people means getting others to act consistently as you want

them to act. For achieving certain kinds of long-term programmed behavior

the programmer need not to be a scientifically trained technologist.

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14. Mr. Forester may possibly have had a right to be irritated by this foolishness

of his wife’s, but he could have had no excuse for increasing her misery by

keeping her waiting unnecessarily.

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15. Almost a century ago, scientists discovered that quartz crystals vibrate at

an absolutely constant frequency when an electric current is passed through

them. But quartz digital watches did not become practical until miracles of

miniaturization were developed to save weight and room in spacecraft.

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Exercise 3 Read and translate the following sentences into the Russian language.

Pay attention to the passive forms of the verbs.

1. If staff do not feel fairly treated, then they are unlikely to give of their best.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. Orders may be given in person or in writing. They may be addressed to a

specific person or to groups of people.

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3. Different cultures have different beliefs about when humour is appropriate,

what can be joked about and even who can be joked with.

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4.He was sent only two copies of this book.

………………………………………………………………………………….

5.This question was agreed upon after a prolonged discussion.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

6.Candidates will be allowed television time.

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7. The view that economics should be about more than money is widely held in

continental Europe. …………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………

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8. In America inequality, over-work and other hidden costs of prosperity were

much discussed in the mid-term elections.

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9.This lecture was followed by several reports. ………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………

10.People who migrate to the United States are driven to do so by poverty,

economic stagnation and overpopulation in their home countries.

……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

11. This house is ill cared for. ……………………………………………………..

12. Brands are accused of all sorts of evils, from threatening our health and

destroying our environment to corrupting our children.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

13. Mass communication may be defined simply as messages directed at masses

or great numbers of people. Mass communication is also directed to a

relatively large and anonymous audience – ‘to whom it may concern, ’

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14. The third school of thought says that companies are being replaced by

‘ network’. ……………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………

15. When a business has been formed, a number of important decisions will have

to be made, such as what premises are to be used, and what plant and

machinery will be needed. …………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………