The Cabinet

The Cabinet is a body of official advisers to the President. As a Government body the Cabinet is a creation (создание) of custom and not of the Constitution. It came into existence in Washington's first administration but was not recognized (признавать) by statute law (писаные законы) until 1907. The Cabinet is composed of the heads (Secretaries) of the twelve executive Departments: Secretary of State, Secretary of the Treasury (казначейство), Secretary of Defense, Attorney General (министр юстиции), Postmaster General, Secretary of the Interior (внутренние дела), Secretary of Agriculture, Secretary of Commerce, Secretary of Labour, Secretary of Health (здоровье), Education and Welfare, Secretary of Housing and Urban (городской) Development, and Secretary of Transport. They are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate and are removable at his will (по его усмотрению). The Vice-President and the U.S. representative to the United Nations participate (участвовать) in Cabinet meetings. The meetings are held at the White House in the Cabinet Room once a week.

Упр. 2. Закончите предложения, выбрав один из вариантов а), b), c).

1. The Cabinet as an executive body was created by

a) Constitution.

b) Congress.

c) custom.

2. The heads of the Departments are called

a) Directors.

b) Secretaries.

c) Chiefs.

3. Cabinet members are appointed by

a) Departments.

b) President.

c) Congress.

4. The President holds Cabinet meetings in

a) his Washington's residence.

b) Congress building.

c) State Department.

ТЕКСТ В

Упр. 3. Переведите текст со словарём. Выпишите и запомните английские эквиваленты следующих слов и понятий:

1. обвинение (3 варианта) 5. преступление

2. государственная измена 6. увольнение

3. подкуп, взяточничество 7. осуждение

4. нарушение закона 8. наказание

IMPEACHMENT

Impeachment is an accusation of a public officer for treason, bribery, violation of laws, and other similar crimes. It is the method of getting rid (избавиться) of officials who cannot be dismissed: presidents, vice-presidents, and all civil officers of the United States.

The impeachment charge is brought by a majority vote of the House of Representatives and is tried and determined by the Senate. A two-thirds vote of the Senate is necessary for conviction. The punishment is the removal from office and inability to hold any government position.

Some 50 impeachments have been started in the House of Representatives during the last two centuries, but only 20 have reached the Senate.