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Текст 24
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Задание 1. Слушайте и повторяйте:
| fluid coupling synchronize synchromesh | [flu: id] [′ kʌ pliŋ ] [′ siŋ krə naiz] [′ siŋ krə umeʃ ] | жидкий, текучий сцепление, муфта синхронизировать синхронизирующее устройство |
| clash clutch interrupt eliminate vertually jar power train strain cushion | [klæ ʃ ] [klʌ tʃ ] [intə ′ rʌ pt] [i′ limineit] [′ və: tjuə li] [dʒ ɑ: ] [′ pauə ] [′ strein] [′ kuʃ ə n] | сталкивать сцепление, муфта передавать ликвидировать, уничтожать фактически дребезжать силовая передача деформация, натяжение смягчать, заглушать |
Задание 2. Найдитe соответствующий вариант перевода каждого английского словосочетания:
A. Fluid coupling; gear shifting; synchronizing devices; to interrupt the flow of power; to move a lever; gear-ratio-changing device; power train components; to be subjected to shock strain; to cause failure; the driven member; the driving member.
B. Вeдомый элемент; компоненты силовой передачи; гидравлическая муфта; вызывать повреждение; ведущий элемент; переключение передач осевым перемещением; прерывать поток энергии; подвергаться деформации от удара; синхронизирующее устройство; передвигать рычаг; устройство для изменения передаточного числа.
TRANSMISSIONS WITH FLUID COUPLINGS
For many years, engineers and inventors have searched for means of making gear shifting easier. The introduction of synchronizing devices such as the synchromesh was one result of their efforts; this mechanism makes it virtually impossible to clash gears when shifting into second or high. However, it was still necessary to operate a clutch to interrupt the flow of power and move a lever to shift the gears from one to another meshing position. In recent years, automatic devices have been brought out which eliminate this job. That is, the gear ratio through the transmission is changed semiautomatically or automatically in accordance with car and engine speed and the driver's wishes.
With this type of gear-ratio-changing device, the power flow through the transmission must: still be interrupted even though momentarily, so the gear-ratio change can be achieved. Thus, there is the problem of making this power flow interruption and reapplication smoothly. If it is done too abruptly, the occupants of the car will be jarred. Worse, the power train components and engine will be subjected to shock strains that sooner or later might cause failure of some part. It is necessary to absorb the shock of any sudden change and cushions the engine and power train from the shock.
The fluid coupling is a hydraulic coupling. It is always " engaged" but since the coupling is produced by a fluid, the driven member can slip, or twin slower than the driving member.