Cover the left side of the page and translate the words into your native language (first all together, then in pairs).

Курс 1 семестр. (занятие №1)

Vocabulary and speaking

Topic 1

HISTORY

Look through the key-words and their explanations; repeat the words after the teacher.

1) ally

a state formally cooperating with another for a military or other purpose

2) artefact British spelling of artifact;

something made or given shape by humans; for example pottery, a stone tool;

Assassination

killing of an important or famous person, especially for political reasons;

4) BCE = BC

a dating system used by some historians to denote an abbreviation of 'Before Common Era'; the years before the birth of Christ.

5) CE

a dating system used by some historians to denote an abbreviation of 'Common Era'; the years after the birth of Christ.

Chauvinism

fanatical patriotism; biased belief in the superiority of one's own group, sex, or nation

Citizen

a member of a state or nation who owes allegiance to it by birth or naturalization and is entitled to full civil rights

Crusade

a military expedition in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries by Western European Christians to reclaim control of the Holy Lands from the Muslims

9) czar

variant spelling of tsar etc.

an emperor of Russia before 1917

Depression

a long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment

Dynasty

a powerful family or group of rulers that maintains its position or power for some time

12) empire

an extensive group of states or countries ruled over by a single monarch, an oligarchy, or a sovereign state

13) genocide

the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular nation or ethnic group

14) heir

a person entitled by law to inherit the estate of another

Holocaust

a methodical plan orchestrated by Hitler to ensure German supremacy. It called for the elimination of Jews, non-conformists, homosexuals, non-Aryans, and mentally and physically disabled.

Medieval

literally 'middle age, ' a term that historians of Europe use for the period ca. 500 to ca. 1500, signifying its intermediate point between Greco-Roman antiquity and the Renaissance.

17) reign

1. verb [no obj.] hold royal office; rule as monarch

2. noun the period of rule of a monarch

18) sovereignty

the authority of a state to govern another state

19) subject

a member of a state other than its ruler, especially one owing allegiance to a monarch or other supreme ruler

20) treaty

(pl. treaties) a formally concluded and ratified agreement between states

Read the words with their translation. Write the words and their translation down into your vocabularies. Repeat the words with their translation after the teacher.

Cover the left side of the page and translate the words into your native language (first all together, then in pairs).