Главная страница Случайная страница
КАТЕГОРИИ:
АвтомобилиАстрономияБиологияГеографияДом и садДругие языкиДругоеИнформатикаИсторияКультураЛитератураЛогикаМатематикаМедицинаМеталлургияМеханикаОбразованиеОхрана трудаПедагогикаПолитикаПравоПсихологияРелигияРиторикаСоциологияСпортСтроительствоТехнологияТуризмФизикаФилософияФинансыХимияЧерчениеЭкологияЭкономикаЭлектроника
A philosophy of physical education and sport results in the improvement of professional practices.
|
|
1. If professional practices are based on … intuition or emotional whim and fancy, they are usually not sound; however, if they are based on … well-defined philosophy, they are more likely to be correct. This is especially true if … physical educators develop their philosophies in … rational, logical, and systematic manner and if they represent … best interest of … human beings.
2.5. Complete the sentences with the words from a box.
| motivated, the public, encourage, physical educators, profession, essential |
1. A philosophy of physical education and sport is … to professional education.
2. Persons who claim to be … …should carefully develop their philosophies. 3. Doing so will help them to have a common basis for thinking about their …. 4. It will also assist them to properly articulate the meaning and worth of their field of endeavor to … at large, … them to become …to achieve greater professional accomplishments, and enable them to better evaluate physical education and sport programs and practices.
2.6. Complete each sentence with the most appropriate word:
1. A philosophy of physical education and sport … the professional (guides; governs). 2. To function as an intelligent being, a philosophy of life is needed to guide … (one’s thoughts; one’s one's actions). 3. Knowledge about what is acceptable is needed before any program … (can be performed; can be created). 4. … will help the professional to decide what outcomes should be attained by the program's participants and the manner in which they will be realized. (A psychology; A philosophy).
III. Study the following table and answer the questions from the last column.
| BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY | |||
| Branch | Focus | General Questions | Questions to Physical Education and Sport |
| Metaphysics | Nature of reality | What is the meaning of existence? What is real? | What experiences in a physical education program will better enable the individual to meet the challenges of the real world? |
| Epistemology | Nature of knowledge and methods | What is true? | What is validity of the knowledge pertaining to physical activity and its influence on the development of the individual? |
| Logic | Systematic and orderly reasoning | What is the method of reasoning that will lead to the truth? | What process should a researcher use to determine the value of physical education to program participants? |
| Axiology | Aims and values of society | How do we determi-ne what has value, and on what criteria is this judgment based? | What is the value of physical education programs to the individual? |
| Ethics | Issues of conduct, right and wrong | What is the highest standard of behavior each person should strive to attain? | How can sport be utilized to develop ethics? |
| Aesthetics | Nature of beauty and art | What is beauty? | Why are skilled performer’s move-ments beautiful to view? |
IV. Have a dictation.
A philosophy of physical education and sport aids in bringing members of the
profession closer together many members of the physical education and sport profession are dissatisfied with what they see happening in their field today. A philosophy of physical education and sport will enable physical educators to determine how they can best contribute to humanity and to society and will provide members of the profession the opportunity to work together in making such a contribution.
V. Translate the following into English.
Філософія физичного виховання та спорту дуже важлива для всіх фахівців у галузі фізичного виховання та спорту. Традиційно значення філософії акцентується під час створення спортивних програм для навчальних закладів, однак очевидно, що вона необхідна і для програм з фізичноговиховання поза школою. Філософія фізичного виховання та спорту також повинна бути прийнятною(applicable) для цих різних програм.
VI. Listening comprehension text.
The importance of physical education and sport is now stressed for all segments of the population, including industrial employees, the elderly, youths, and the public in general. Physical educators who serve as leaders, administrators, and instructors for these groups should also be concerned with developing a sound philosophy of physical education and sport. Most of the concepts of a philosophy for programs in schools and colleges are applicable to programs that exist outside the educational realm. A philosophy of physical education and sport for both school and nonschool programs should be humanistic in its approach, meet the needs of the participants, have a sound scientific basis, understand the role of physical activity in human performance, and enhance the quality of life for its participants.
VI.1. Listen to the passage and answer the questions:
1. Only a small part of the population is aware of importance of physical education and sport, isn’t it? 2. Are physical educators concerned with developing a sound philosophy of physical education and sport? 3. Is it possible to apply the concepts of a philosophy outside the educational realm? 4. Should a philosophy of physical education be humanistic in its approach? 5. A philosophy should meet the needs of the participants, shouldn’t it? 6. Should a philosophy have a sound scientific basis or not?
VII. Match the terms with its true meaning:
| CENTRAL BELIEFS UNDERLYING TRADITIONAL PHILOSOPHIES | |||
| Idealism | A | The physical world is the real world and it is governed by nature; science reveals the truth. | |
| Realism | B | Reality and life are governed by the laws of nature; the individual is more important than society. | |
| Pragmatism | C | Reality is based on human existence: individual experiences determine what is true. | |
| Naturalism | D | The mind interprets events and creates reality; truth and values are absolute and universally shared. | |
| Existentialism | E | Reality is determined by an individual’s life experiences; the individual learns the truth through experiences. |
VIII. Retell the oral topic below:
| TOPIC. PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND PHILOSOPHY Physical education is an educational process. Its main aim is the improvement of human performance by means of physical activities. Physical education is concerned with acquisition of motor skills, maintenance of fitness and knowledge of positive attitudes towards physical activity. There are a lot of specialized areas of this study, such as sport psychology, sport pedagogy, sport sociology, exercise sociology, exercise physiology, and motor learning. Each practitioner should be knowledgeable about them. Philosophy is critical to our endeavors. Philosophy can aid practitioners by guiding their efforts and assisting them in resolving problems that may confront them. Various philosophies influence the nature and practice of education and physical education and sports programs. Within the last 25 years there is a shift from the traditional philosophy of physical education and sport to a more modern, humanistic philosophy. Each practitioner/professional should develop his/her own philosophy because it influences the objectives and outcomes of the programs. |
UNIT VI