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The motivational statement of the theme






Today people spend a lot of time indoors (e.g. at home, work, hospital, etc). The indoor environment is characterized by a variety of factors affecting the human body. They are as follows: lighting, insolation, chemical composition of the air, ionization of the air, noise, etc.

At our practical classes we shall discuss in detail the physical properties of the air such as the temperature of the air and that of the surfaces, air humidity and air velocity. A certain combination of factors makes what we call a microclimate.

Microclimatic factors influence the human body creating certain conditions for heat exchange between a person and the environment. The functional state of a person is referred to as a thermal state. The thermal state of a person accounts for high work capacity and productivity, temperature sensitivity and the general well-being.

The doctor should be able to evaluate the quality of the microclimate and to predict possible changes in the thermal state and health of a person under the impact of the microclimate, catarrhal diseases or complicated chronic inflammatory processes.

The objective: to master the techniques of evaluating the indoor microclimate, to learn to perform hygienic evaluation of their integrated effect on people.

 

Students’ classroom activities

1. Hygienic evaluation of the microclimate in a room at the Hygiene and Ecology Department.

1.1. Calculating the average temperature of the air and vertical and horizontal temperature gradient:

measurements are made at three points (at the interior wall, in the centre and at the outer wall of a classroom) at a level of 1.5 and 0.15 m; the arithmetic mean of six temperature values as well as their vertical and horizontal gradients are calculated.

1.2. Determining relative air humidity using an aspirated psychrometer.

1.3. Determining air velocity using a globe katathermometer.

2. Evaluation of a thermal state of a student staying in microclimatic conditions of a certain classroom.

2.1. Measuring skin temperatures (forehead, chest, hand) using an electric thermometer.

2.2. Checking the pulse rate using a standard technique.

2.3. Checking the respiratory rhythm using a standard technique.

2.4. Evaluation of thermal sensations using a seven-point scale (see Reference Information on the theme).

3. Making a conclusion:

state the type of microclimate in a classroom, evaluate a thermal state of students in this classroom; make a prognosis of their working capacity, health and well-being; if necessary give recommendations for correcting microclimatic parameters.

4. Solving a profession-oriented case problem. The solutions of the case problems should be reported in writing.

5. Presenting and discussing individual students’ reports.

 


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