Comment on the true statements and correct the false ones.

1. Very little advertising is carried on by the tourist industry.

2. The only group within the tourist industry that carried on promotion is made up of the transportation companies.

3. Fringe benefits such as paid vacations and longer weekends are an important factor in the growth of tourism.

4. Tourist promotion has only tried to retain the existing market of well-to-do, middle-aged people who travel anyway.

5. There has been a great deal of efforts by the tourist industry to spread recreational travel more evenly throughout the year.

6. Magazines and newspapers never carry stories or articles about tourism or travel.

7. Travel agents, airline employees, and other tourist industry personnel often receive free trips to resort areas so that they can get to know different tourist places.

8. Tourist promotion is equally spread throughout the world since all places generate a large volume of tourist traffic.

9. Tourist statistics are never used to find out where travellers come from.

10. The different information media reach different groups of people.

11. Television time is cheap; thus, it is frequently used to advertise the details of specific tours.

12. Magazines are used to reach special interest groups with both institutional advertising and information about particular tours.

13. Brochures about tours are frequently mailed to people who are credit card holders.

14. All current airline advertising emphasizes in-flight services since it had been determined that this is what makes people want to fly.

15. Word of mouth has no influence on decisions that other people make about where to go on their vacations.

16. Word of mouth is helpful to the tourist because it helps to make the industry live up to its own advertising claims.

Task 3 Insert the corresponding English words and word-combinations for the Russian components in brackets.

1. The first aim of most (усилия по содействию туризму) is to retain the established market of people for whom travel is a normal (форма отдыха).

2. The second purpose of tourist promotion is to (увеличивать размер) of the market.

3. In order for tourism to grow, it is (необходимо привлекать) people who would not have traveled much until the last few years.

4. It is significant for tourism that labor unions, having achieved (высокий уровень заработной платы) for workers in the industrialized countries, now fight for (дополнительные льготы) such as longer paid vacations and shorter workweeks.

5. The third goal of tourist promotion has been to (преодолеть то, что) might best be called its seasonal bias.

6. Hundreds of thousands of Frenchmen (уезжать из) Paris in August for the south of France or for destinations outside the country.

7. Winter vacations have been heavily promoted to (распределять) tourism (более равномерно по всему году).

8. The biggest attraction of all, especially to people who must endure a cold and gloomy northern winter, is а (отпуск в теплых краях).

9. Through their tourist offices, governments do а (большой объем) of travel promotion, both in the form of advertising and publicity.

10. Publicity consists of stories placed in newspapers and magazines about travel, (проживание, рестораны), and other parts of this industry.

11. People in the industry, especially those (занятые в торговле) - notably travel agents - are frequently provided with free trips to tourist destinations.

12. Professonal travel writers (путешествуют с одного курорта на другой) to report on the facilities and amenities that are available.

13. (Ознакомительные поездки) are often extended to other people in the tourist industry, especially tour operators and employees of the transportation companies and government bureaus.

14. In Canada and the United States, the cities of the Northeast and of the (Тихоокеанское побережье) produce more travellers than other areas.

15. (СМИ) is a term that is used for the different means of spreading information in the form of news and (реклама).

16. Once the market area has been pinpointed, the advertiser tries to select the (конкретное средство) that will reach those people who are likely to (продать) the services that he is promoting.

17. A person (кто был заинтригован) by a general destination because of the colourful pictures on TV or travel posters could then find in the newspaper specific details about (размещение в гостинице), tours, and prices.

18. A brochure can be an elaborate pamphlet on glossy paper with beautiful colour photographs, or а (простые рекламные буклеты) with a page of details for a tour.

19. Like news stories, the results of (личные впечатления) can be good or bad.

20. Word of mouth guarantees that the tourist industry will (предоставлять почти столько всего, сколько) it promises.

Speaking

Task 1 Define what tourist promotion is. Use the following words and word-combinations:

to retain the established market

to increase the size of the market

to overcome the seasonal bias in tourism

to attract not only office workers, but also industrial workers

much lprger disposable incomes

to fight for fringe benefits

longer paid vacations and shorter workweeks

Task 2 Divide the text into logical parts and entitle each of them.

Task 3 Work in pairs.

A. Look at the following words and phrases and think up a story that might combine them all. You may reorder them in any way you want using any form of the verb.

to be involved in tourist to be able to combine both

promotion attraction

official and semi-official to produce more travellers

tourist bureau than other areas

a big increase in facilities a recommendation of a re

for winter sport sort or hotel

to endure a cold and gloomy a major topic of conversa-

winter tion among people who

travel

B. When you have decided upon the story, tell it to your partner. Then listen to that of your partner. Ask each other as many questions as you can to learn further details or clarify some points.

Task 4 Give summaries of the logical parts you have divided the text into.

Task 5 Speak individually or arrange a discussion on the following.

• The reasons for which people might want to visit Russia.

• The tourist facilities that are available in Nizhny Novgorod.

• The means of transportation to reach Nizhny Novgorod.

• The markets that generate tourism to Nizhny Novgorod.

Additional reading

Task 1 Read the text and translate it. For help see the vocabulary notes that follow the text.

Art, architecture and culture join with virgin wilderness and sun-splashed beaches, making Russia truly an adventurous traveller's wonderland. From the volcanoes and geysers of Kamchatka, through the Siberian taiga to the mineral spas around the Black Sea coast, it can not be said Russia has nothing to offer the average tourist.

The World Tourism Organization considers Russia a country with great potential for tourism development. But figures cited by tourism experts showed that 70 percent to 80 percent of the 3.5 million foreign tourists that came to the country last year rarely ventured father than Moscow, St. Petersburg and perhaps the Golden Ring. Most foreigners don't know what they are missing. They don't realize they could be taking a cruise along the waters of the Volga, bathing in hot springs surrounded by volcanoes in Kamchatka or taking a boat over the crystal-clear waters of Lake Baikal.

But this goes for quite a few Russians too. For 70 years, access to a large part of the country was restricted for many Russians; and then with the collapse of the Soviet Union, many of these local tourists headed off abroad.

An alternative Seven Wonders of the World could easily be unearthed on Russia's territory, if only tourists and governments were willing to dig them out. Most agree it is difficult to tie Russia down to only seven wonders - yet the country still has to catch on as important destination internationally.

The Moscow Times, May 5, 2000