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Many disappointed hearts « . не одна розчарована still wonder why Coleman never душа й досі дивується, чому
married. (W.Maken) Her face... with swollen eyes and swollen lips looked terrible. (Mansfield) They came to a deserted store. (Ibid.) All round lay the black night, speckled and spangled with lights. (Lawrence) English predicative participles may sometimes undergo, when being translated into Ukrainian, a morphological/structural transformation and turn into a finite form of the verb, i.e., into a simple verbal predicate:
...he went out to Chancery Lane, buying a paper on his way. (Galsworthy) The weather looked settled. (Ibid.) Sunshine came spilling upon us. (Cronin) The compound predicates with component participles (looked, settled, came spilling) have for their equivalents respectively simple verbal predicates настала (погода), нас сонце залило. The English past participle used as part of a compound verbal/nominal predicate may often be translated with the help of perfective and non-perfective verbs. The latter, depending on the meaning of participles, may be personal or non-personal: What is done can not be un- Що зроблено, те зробле-
Вулиця спорожніла (була безлюдна). When used in an adverbial function, the English indefinite and perfect participles have mostly diyepryslivnyks for their semantic and functional equivalents in Ukrainian: Reading the works of men, Читаючи твори авторів, who had arrived, he noted every що досягли успіху, він схоп- result achieved by them. (Lon- лював усі особливості їхнього don) стилю. Having gained her degree, Отримавши вчений cmy- she was doing no more reading, пінь, вона вже не відводила (Ibid.) стільки часу на читання. The perfect participle, naturally, can be translated in the last sentence by means of a paraphrase: Після отримання/Після того, як вона отримала вчений ступінь ... Some present participles with the implicit predicative meaning and function may be rendered into Ukrainian either with the help of a corresponding diyepryslivnyk or with the help of a finite verb (simple verbal predicate): Then he cut chemistry from Потім він викреслив із the list, retaining only physics, списку хімію, залишивши (Ibid.) тільки фізику. Instead of the diyepryslivnyk, like in the example above, the finite form of the verb may also be used in Ukrainian here: Потім він викреслив із списку хімію і залишив тільки фізику. In some sentences the translator may have difficulties while choosing in Ukrainian the language unit or its particular form for the English participle. This is because of the existence of some ways of conveying their meaning: a) with the help of a simple verbal predicate or b) with the help of the diyepryslivnyk. For example: When shaving, or dressing, or combing his hair, he conned these lists (of words) over. (London)
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