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1. The more goods are swapped … other goods and services, the more effort is wasted to find those … whom these swaps can be swaps can be made. 2. When Euro was first introduced, there was determined its exchange rate … a number … European currencies and the US dollar. 3. … 1960 and 1985, UK exports as a share … the GNP is reported to have risen … 20 percent … nearly 30 percent. 4. Young Families with children should be distinguished … older families … no children living … home, for they have different demands. 5. We must distinguish … the supply … factors … production to the economy … a whole and the supply … factors to an individual firm or industry. 6. Exchange may take the form … barter in which goods or services are traded directly … other goods or services. 7. The firm is known to have been trading … jewellery … over a hundred years. 8. … the exception … the initial period … their use, all British banknotes were convertible … gold until 1914. Convertibility … a restricted basis existed as long as 1925, and finally was abandoned … 1931. 9. Goods and services are sold … money and the latter is to its turn exchanged … other goods and services. 10. New forms … money are known to have been developed … the development … the banking system.
Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предлагаемых в скобках вариантов. 1. Pounds (фунт) and ounces (унция) were traditional measures widely used in Britain, often (alongside / besides) metric measures before 2000. 2. Barter economies are believed to be more (convenient / wasteful) than the ones based on money. 3. We (distinguish between / accept both) real and nominal GNP. 4. (The exchange rate / barter) is known to be regulated by the Central Bank. 5. When measured, depreciation should be subtracted (вычитать) from the GNP to give a clear picture of the output that is (temporarily / actually) available for national consumption. 6. Initially, gold and other valuable metals were used (to keep an account of/to store) wealth over time. 7. Large firms are supposed to have a better chance of obtaining a loan from a bank than smaller firms, though there may be (exceptions / exchanges). 8. Plastic cards are reported to be (accepted / deferred) for payment only in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Lipetsk, Chelyabinsk and a few other cities and there is no commonly (accepted / distinguished) standard. 9. Due to poor communications across the country and the high initial cost of introducing (внедрять) plastic cards, Russia (finally / temporarily) has a less developed plastic card infrastructure than most European countries.
4. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту “Money and Its Functions”. 1. What are the main functions of money? 2. How important is the function of money as a medium of exchange? 3. Why do people accept money as a medium of exchange? 4. What is barter economy? 5. Why are barter economies wasteful? 6. When is money used as a standard of deferred payment? 7. When is money used as a standard of deferred payment?
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