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Practice task. I. Translate the following words and word combinations into Russian and state the lexical translation technique you employed. № п/п SL word
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I. Translate the following words and word combinations into Russian and state the lexical translation technique you employed.
| № п/п | SL word | Translation | Way of translation |
| культ личности | |||
| media event | |||
| сени | |||
| baby-box | |||
| силовики | |||
| recruiter | |||
| old country | |||
| queen mother | |||
| upgrade (e.g. of a device) | |||
| warhead | |||
| black economy | |||
| visiting professor | |||
| roller coaster | |||
| вечный огонь (у мемориала) | |||
| job fair | |||
| health maintenance | |||
| dress-down Friday | |||
| shuttle diplomacy | |||
| тамада | |||
| labor spy |
II. Translate these sentences into Russian and state the lexico-grammatical techniques you had to resort to. The first two sentences are given as an example.
| English sentence | Russian translation |
| He also gave money to a small North Carolina college, which became Duke University. | Он также пожертвовал деньги на маленький колледж в Северной Каролине, который позже приобрел статус университета и был назван в честь своего мецената «Дьюк юнивесити». Addition |
| For example, over many years corporations have created enough wealth to raise living standards dramatically in industrialized nations. | Например, за много лет корпорации накопили достаточный запас материальных ценностей, чтобы значительно поднять жизненный уровень населения в промышленно развитых странах. nation - 1) народ, нация; народность; 2) государство, страна Specification |
| University professors sing the praises of Einstein, Socrates, and occasionally a more prestigious version of ‘Mr. Chips’. | *Мистер Чипс - центральный персонаж книги Дж. Хилтона [Hilton, James] " До свидания, мистер Чипс" [" Goodbye, Mr. Chips" ] (1935) и одноименного фильма по ней (1939); учитель латыни, отдающий все силы и любовь своим ученикам. Синоним учителя, преданного своему делу. |
| He [Duke] installed Bonsak machines in four new manufacturing plants that soon ran 24 hours a day. | |
| Child labour, once widespread in the United States, is no longer permitted, but exists in other nations. | |
| The past 20 years have seen novel changes in sentencing practices … | |
| Other conceptions of labor dispense with these assumptions. | |
| All successful designers, from an icon like Gaultier to a young tyro emerging from the backstreets of New York, understand that they are running a business. | |
| Hopefully tomorrow's public relations practitioners will exercise more ethical control than some of their earlier forerunners. | |
| In the 1980s, much academic ink was spilled over the “productivity paradox, ” where businesses had invested heavily in information technology over the preceding two decades, but, despite the capital outlay, had very little to show for their efforts. | |
| In October 2005 he [Williamson] added an additional, iridescent feather to his cap by being appointed as the designer at Emilio Pucci. | |
| There are millions of candidates online, reviewing hundreds of thousands of job openings listed at thousands of career sites on the Web. | |
| Mass tourism did not really begin to develop, however, until two things had occurred. | |
| Zara is renowned for whisking budget interpretation of catwalk style into its stores with breathtaking speed. |
III. Translate the following sentences into Russian taking into account a ‘theme-rheme’ relation between the setting and the point being made.
| № п/п | English sentence | Russian translation |
| A variety of activities can be used to emphasize a woman’s development of the ability to create her own goals. | ||
| Holocaust memorials and museums have become important tourist destinations throughout Europe. | ||
| It’s worth noting that hand-painted poster boards are still used to advertise movies. | ||
| The cease-fire has gone into effect. | ||
| A long-standing relationship exists between sports and the notion of masculinity. | ||
| The Washington Post’s role in uncovering the Watergate scandal is another example of the media’s involvement in the national events. | ||
| Communications are effective in a performance improvement program because of the way our brains work. performance improvement program - программа по повышению производительности труда |
IV. Translate the following sentences into Russian and state the type of the grammatical transformation you resorted to.
| Type of grammatical transformation | English sentence | Russian sentence |
| Companies in ascending industries change societies by altering all three of their primary elements – ideas, institutions, and material things. | ||
| The Bradford Formula is used to calculate an “attendance score”. | ||
| So soon as this is recognized, the distinction between economy in consumption and economy in investment becomes blurred. For, up to a point, consumption is investment in personal productive capacity. | ||
| Prevent domination by individual members of the group by bringing in other people and asking cross-reference questions. | ||
| The theory is that short, frequent and unplanned absences are more disruptive than longer absences. | ||
| Communications are effective in a performance improvement program because of the way our brains work. | ||
| Our next stop is a factory floor, where four cutting tables can cut as many as 8, 000 garments a day. | ||
| Bowling is another sport in which a number of presidents actively participated in while in the White House. | ||
| Clearly, a focus on practice is fundamental. | ||
| Many persons are unaware that these crimes exist. | ||
| The Internet is a valuable recruiting tool, especially for reaching prospective employees in their twenties and thirties. | ||
| This scenario is routine, happening literally hundreds of thousands of times in jurisdictions throughout the United States each year. | ||
| The UN Development Program says the goal of investment and trade liberalization is to improve the quality of life. | ||
| But I won’t pretend to be a detached, disinterested observer. Nobody believes in them anymore anyway. |
V. Analyze the following article from the point of view of employing translation techniques.