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New Zealand






New Zealand is a South Pacific country located midway between the Equator and the South Pole, and approximately 1600 kilometres east of Australia. Its nearest neighbors to the north are New Caledonia, Fiji and Tonga, all about the same distance away as Australia. New Zealand was discovered and settled more than a thousand years ago by the Maori people, who migrated from the Polynesian Islands of the South Pacific. The first Europeans to see the land were the Dutch navigator Abel Tasman in 1642, and the English explorer James Cook in 1769. Organized European settlement began in the middle of the 19 century after the establishment of British sovereignty in 1840, marked by the signing of a treaty between leading Maori chiefs and the British Government. In the 1860s land disputes between European settlers and the Maori led to fighting in some areas.

. Despite its geographic location, New Zealand has been closely involved in the major international events of the 20th century. New Zealand troops fought in Europe in the First World War, and New Zealand was a founder member of the league of Nations. During the Second World War, New Zealand forces served in Europe, the Middle East and the Pacific, the New Zealand became a founder member of the nited Nations Organization. With a land area of 268, l 05 square kilometers, New Zealand is similar in size to Japan, Britain or Italy. There are two main islands, the North and South Islands, separated by Cook Strait, some 32 kilometers across its narrowest point. The country has no

? art more than 120 kilometres from the surrounding ocean. The landscape

is notable for its variety and particularly its mountainous nature. The Southern Alps of the South Island include 19 peaks exceedi ng 3000 mters. A special feature of the North Island is the central volcanic region Wlh three still active volcanic peaks and thermal activity featuring hot strings, geysers and boiling mud pools. Both major islands contain fertil e low-lands areas, large forests-natural and man-made, many sandy beaches and short, swift-flowing rivers. These provide a val uable source of hydro­ electric power.

 

78. New Zealand is a....

A) Western Pacific country.

B) South Pacific country.

C) North Pacific country.

D) Eastern Pacific country.

E) North-Eastern Pacific country.


 

 

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79. When did James Cook see the land? A) 1770.

B) 1767.

C) 1753.


 

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