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Present Perfect Tense






+ S have/has P3f/ed À ? have/has S P3f/ed À? – S have/has not P3f/ed À
Present Perfect Tense is used:  
  rules examples
1. to express an action which took place before the present moment and still has an effect upon something happening in the present The government has cut budgets, consequently, they cannot launch a new health program.
2. to express an action which began in the past and continues into the present or has just been completed at the moment of utterance They have not delivered the documents we need yet.
       

Time phrases used with the tense: since, ever, never, just, already, yet etc.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

+ S have/has been Ping À ? have/has S been Ping À? – S have/has not been Ping À
Present Perfect Contiuous Tense is used:
  rules examples
1. to express an action, event, or condition that has begun in the past and continues into the present and to stress the duration of the process The government has been developing the new anti racism program for some time already.

Time phrases used with the tense: for the past year/month etc., for the last 2 months/ weeks etc., up to now, for 6 weeks/hours etc., since.

Past Simple Tense

+ S P2fed À ? did S P ♣ À? – S did not P ♣ À
Past Simple Tense is used:
  rules examples
1. to express a single or stable action, which took place in the past One of the most tragic terrorist attacks happened in 2001.
2. to express the sequence of past actions He prepared his speech, gathered all partners and announced his decision.
3. to express a regular action in the past The government did its best to expand the business on the European market.
  to be to have other verbs
I was had presented/went
you were had presented/went
he, she, it was had presented/went
we were had presented/went
you were had presented/went
they were had presented/went

Time phrases used with the tense: yesterday, last year/ month etc., before, for five weeks/ days etc., one year/ month ago.

Past Continuous Tense

+ S was/were Ping À ? was/were S Ping À? – S was/were not Ping À
Past Continuous Tense is used:
  rules examples
1. to express an action going on at a definite time in the past He was preparing for negotiations when the phone rang.
2. to express an action in its progress going on at a definite period of time in the past They were fighting a war for 5 years.

Time phrases used with the tense: while, when.


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